Most importantly, Kerala operates within India's capitalist constitutional framework. It depends heavily on central government tax transfers, national financial institutions, private-sector employment, and foreign remittances in capitalist economies. But none of this comes under the actual communist economic system.
In conclusion, the authors of the EPW study summed up the transformational impact of Modi era. It points out that across rural and urban areas in most states and union territories, on average, the resource share of adult females was significantly lower than that of adult males in 2011–12.
The World Bank, in its report Poverty and Equity Brief for India, released in April 2025, revealed that Extreme poverty (living on less than USD 2.15 per day) fell from 16.2 per cent in 2011-12 to 2.3 per cent in 2022-23.
The practice of slum tourism goes as far back as Victorian England and early 20th-century America, where elites would “slum” their way through the poorest neighbourhoods of London and New York.
The recent household expenditure surveys for 2022-23 and 2023-24 released by the government of India reveal India has nearly eradicated extreme poverty.
India has now officially eliminated 'extreme poverty', which can be seen through the sharp decline in headcount poverty ratio and stark increase in household consumption, American think tank Brookings said in a report.
The Nitish government plans to provide Rs 2 lakh in financial help to 94 lakh families to launch small businesses over the next five years under the 'Bihar Small Entrepreneur Scheme'. The funds will be distributed to poor families in three instalments.