Chapter 1

Rajendra Chola was not targeting the top-10 global position. He read the winds of change; he saw the ocean as a highway, and he projected power with all he had. He built his ships strong enough to accomplish his goals. If India is going to reclaim any part of that thousand-year-old legacy, we need to build ships that will accomplish ours.

Factories, Jobs and Self-Reliance: How the Modi Government’s policies under Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat initiatives transformed India’s new technology manufacturing sector

Marthanda Varma promoted a policy of strengthening his kingdom and expanding its borders. This angered the Dutch and led to the conflict.

While Indian shipyards did construct some merchant tonnage under license regimes and subsidy schemes, the emphasis stayed on building capacity fot Navy and Coast Guard, not for the commercial global market. The long term result was that Indian commercial shipbuilding never developed the scale, supply-chain depth or export orientation that enabled East Asian yards to capture the world’s merchant fleet.

SGPC, SAD, AAP, BJP, Congress and Panthic groups have adopted competing positions, using remission demands, Sikh sentiment, security concerns and protest politics to strengthen their influence across Punjab’s increasingly fragmented political landscape ahead of elections.

Shipbuilding is not a single skill or industry. It is a vast, interlocking ecosystem of technologies, industries, and human expertise that has repeatedly determined which nations rise to become global powers.

Success of Skyroot in placing Vikram-1 rocket into orbit on its maiden flight shows how policy liberalisation and institutional support have transformed India’s private space ecosystem.