Four soldiers were killed and six others were injured when terrorists ambushed an army truck in the Kathua district of Jammu and Kashmir on Monday afternoon, officials reported. The injured soldiers have been transported to a military hospital.
The attack took place around 3:30 PM in Badnota village, located in the Loi Malhar area of Billawar tehsil. This village is approximately 120 km from the Kathua district headquarters and borders Doda district.
“An army truck was ambushed by armed terrorists in Badnota village of Loi Malhar area in Billawar on Monday afternoon. The terrorists, believed to number between two and three, initially threw a grenade and then opened fire with automatic weapons. At least four soldiers were killed, and six others were injured in the ambush,” a police officer was quoted as saying in a Hindustan Times report.
#UPDATE | Four Indian Army soldiers have been killed while an equal number are injured in the terrorist attack in Machedi area of Kathua. The firefight between troops and the terrorists is on. More details awaited: Defence officials https://t.co/IfGjVDT9rx
He added that a total of 10 soldiers were hit by the terrorists’ gunfire, resulting in four fatalities.
The army has yet to release a statement regarding the attack.
Earlier, a police statement reported, “Exchange of fire between terrorists and security forces in the Machhedi area of Kathua district. Two Army personnel were injured. A massive search operation has been launched.”
“After attacking the army truck, the terrorists fled into the nearby forest. Additional reinforcements have been dispatched to the area, and a search operation is underway to locate the attackers,” it said.
There was an intermittent exchange of fire between security forces and the terrorists at the time of this report.
The terrorists are believed to have recently infiltrated from across the international border and were moving towards higher elevations.
The army vehicle was on a routine patrol on the Machhedi-Kindli-Malhar road.
Outrage swept Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh after members of the Muslim community took to the streets protesting against an offensive post made against namazis who offer prayer during Muharram, an Islamic festival chiefly followed by the Shia sect of Islam. The youth reportedly depicted Namazis with “pig” faces during Muharram in his post, sparking outrage.
Upset community members surrounded the Kotwali police station late Sunday night, demanding action against the person who posted the offensive content. The Muslim community members stayed at the police station for a long time and also chanted slogans against the youth.
Ujjain, MP: Muslims protested outside the Shajapur police station against a derogatory post depicting Namazis with "pig" faces during Muharram.
They demanded the accused Afsar Sardar Khan's home be bulldozed.
According to the information received, Arshad Khan, son of Sattar Khan and resident of Maniharbadi, arrived at the Kotwali police station with members of the Muslim community and filed a complaint. He reported that Pappu, also known as Afsar, son of Sardar Khan, had made an offensive post on social media.
The complaint stated that the young man made an online post with faces of namazis replaced with a pig’s snout while they were praying. The status read that people celebrate during Muharram, and their prayers and faces are like this. This post caused outrage among the Muslim community. In response, the Kotwali police have registered a case against Pappu, also known as Afsar Khan, for the offensive post.
The offensive post and the subsequent outrage bring forth the divide between two major Muslim sects: Sunni and Shia. While the Sunnis don’t consider Shias to be true Muslims, the Shias, in turn, don’t consider Sunnis to be true Muslims.
Out of these 1.8 billion Muslims around the world, approximately 85% are Sunni and 15% are Shia. Although both sects share many fundamental beliefs and practices of Islam, they differ in doctrine, law, rituals, and religious organisations.
The main distinction between them concerns their views on the rightful successor to Prophet Muhammad. Sunnis believe that the caliphate should be decided by consensus, whereas Shias believe it should be inherited through Prophet Muhammad’s bloodline, particularly through his cousin Ali and his descendants.
The group that became known as the Sunni sect prevailed and chose the Prophet’s close friend, Abu Bakr, as his successor and the first caliph of Islam. The other group, which wanted the Prophet’s cousin and son-in-law, Ali, to succeed him, became known as the Shia sect.
Ali became the fourth caliph of Islam only after two successors of Abu Bakr were assassinated. In 661 A.D., Ali was assassinated with a poison-laced sword in a mosque in Kufa (present-day Iraq) amid the escalating power struggle between the two sects.
Ali’s sons, Hasan and Hussein, succeeded him, but Hussein and his relatives were massacred in the Battle of Karbala in 680 A.D. in Iraq. This event is mourned annually by the Shia community during Muharram.
Sunnis, on the other hand, believe they are the true followers of the Sunnah and regard the first three caliphs of Islam as rightly guided. The last caliphate ended with the fall of the Ottoman Empire after World War I.
The divide between the two sects often manifests itself, especially during Muharram, in the form of violence as witnessed in Ujjain over a post targeting those who followed the Shia sect.
The 2024 Olympics are set to be held in French capital of Paris from July 26 to August 11. After securing 7 medals, including 1 Gold, in the previous games in Tokyo, India is aiming for an even better show at the quadrennial event. The athletic contingent’s morale has been boosted by Adani Group which is going to be the principal sponsor of the Indian Olympic team.
Making the announcement, Gautam Adani said, “As we get ready for the 2024 Paris Olympics, I wish the very best to the exceptional athletes who will represent our nation on the world’s grandest sporting stage. Their relentless riyaaz and unwavering dedication truly embody the new indomitable spirit of India.”
As we get ready for the 2024 Paris Olympics, I wish the very best to the exceptional athletes who will represent our nation on the world’s grandest sporting stage. Their relentless riyaaz and unwavering dedication truly embody the new indomitable spirit of India. I am confident… pic.twitter.com/Oi7GsSj8Zb
The chairperson of Adani Group further said, ” I am confident that this year, we will achieve our greatest medal haul ever.”
Gautam Adani added that Adani Group is immensely honoured to support the Indian athletes during the Olympics on a remarkable journey. Further, he said that they will all cheer for our champions. Adani finished off his message with Jai Hind.
Adani Sportsline, the sporting arm of Adani Group also shared similar message and wrote, “Our athletes’ practise is like riyaaz. It’s relentless. Not just to win gold, but so that our national anthem plays when they climb the victory stand. Let’s cheer for them and join in when it’s time to sing #DeshKaGeetAtOlympics!”
Our athletes’ practise is like riyaaz. It’s relentless. Not just to win gold, but so that our national anthem plays when they climb the victory stand.
— Adani Sportsline (@AdaniSportsline) July 8, 2024
The Summer Olympic Games are set to be held in Paris, France, from July 26 this year. Some events will start from July 24 but the main games will start from July 26. During these game, India is trying to better its tally from Tokyo Olympic Games where Neeraj Chopra won the country its first track & field Gold.
A trainee IAS officer in Pune, Puja Diliprao Khedkar, 32 is making news for making unfair demands from the administration forcing Pune collector Dr Suhas Diwase to write to the chief secretary Sujata Sainik, seeking help. As per the exclusive report by Pune Mirror, IAS trainee Puja Khedkar has been demanding an official car with a VIP number plate, red-blue beacon light, and an official chamber with adequate staff at her call.
As per the administrative rules, these facilities are not available for any probationer. However, Khedkar’s father Diliprao, a retired administrative officer has been reportedly pressurising the District Collector’s Office for fulfilling his daughter’s demands. He has also threatened the officers saying that they would face dire consequences if his daughter’s demands are not fulfilled.
Exclusive print story by Pune Mirror
In the meantime, trainee officer Khedkar has been using her private vehicle and has applied a VIP number plate on it. She is also said to have encroached on the office of Additional Collector Ajay More in his absence. She put up her sign on his chamber door in his absence and claimed the space as her own office chamber.
The woman has been harassing the officers for the past three months, as per the report by Pune Mirror. One of the officers while exclusively talking to Pune Mirror said that she had to be appointed as a gazette officer first to avail all these benefits. “The father-daughter duo are making unfair demands and harassing the officers for demands that cannot be fulfilled,” he added.
As per the report, the duo threatened to escalate the matter and drag Mumbai officials into the case. This forced Pune collector Dr Suhas Diwase to write to the chief secretary Sujata Sainik, seeking help. The matter remains to be heard yet.
Notably, the tale of Khedkar entering the IAS is also well-known and notorious.
According to the UPSC communication dated February 2, 2022, Pooja Khedkar was denied an appointment. However, she filed an affidavit in court claiming to be visually challenged and mentally unwell, and her suit sought an order against the federal government and UPSC.
In the 2023 hearing, Judge MG Shevlikar’s bench presented the affidavit under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act of 2016. Khedkar subsequently joined the Indian Administrative Service.
On Monday (8th July), the Supreme Court rejected a petition for menstrual leave for female employees saying that this may prove counterproductive for women. The court, however, directed the central government to hold discussions with all key stakeholders and states to set up a model policy on this issue.
A bench comprising CJI D Y Chandrachud, Justice JB Pardiwala, and Justice Manoj Mishra stated that while the policy may encourage more women to participate in the workforce, it may also discourage companies from hiring women. It is a policy decision that the central and state governments may address.
The bench noted this while hearing a petition filed by Shailendra Tripathi. The court emphasised that menstrual leave is a policy matter for the central and state governments. However, the court asked the Secretary of the Ministry of Women and Child Development to look into the matter.
“How that leave encourages more women to be part of the workforce and mandating such leaves will lead to women being shunned from workforce… we do not want that. What we try to do to protect woman can act to their disadvantage. This is actually a government policy aspect and not for the courts to look into,” CJI Chandrachud said.
While the Court urged the Centre to confer with state governments as well, it underlined that the current ruling does not restrict states from making independent decisions about menstruation leave.
Notably, in February last year, the Court dismissed a petition seeking menstrual discomfort leave for female students and working women across India, but allowed petitioners to make a representation to the Central Government.
It is worth recalling that former Union Minister for Women and Child Development Smriti Irani had last year opposed the idea of allowing paid leaves to women during their periods. She said that she opposed the Menstrual Hygiene Policy as she did not want women to face discrimination and harassment in the workplace over it.
A few months ago, we discussed the shady palace intrigue of Jagan Mohan Reddy in detail. The stories of murder, betrayal, and politics that we witnessed beat any well-written TV show too! One of the characters we discussed in this drama was Jagan’s mother, Y.S.Vijayamma. Then, we mentioned how Jagan tactfully made her resign as the President of his party and she parted ways with him to support her daughter (i.e. Jagan’s sister). The family intrigue went from bad to worse after that. Unable to bear the pressure, Y.S.Vijayamma went to the US for the entire election cycle.
If your mother doesn’t take your side, why would people want to take your side? Remember, this is not a typical case of multiple people in the same family being in different parties. This was a case of the son actively ensuring the mother is removed; the sister is harassed; and ultimately mother gives up on the son!
While I believe this whole saga is one of the strongest reasons for the people to get vexed with Jagan, I think the turning point was when he arrested Chandrababu Naidu last year on a corruption case. The president of the Jana Sena Party, Pawan Kalyan, who was already an NDA ally then, immediately announced his support to Chandrababu Naidu. He went along with TDP’s leadership met Chandrababu in jail, and rallied support for him outside the jail. Many neutral folks in the state were also shocked by the manner of arrest of a leader like Chandrababu Naidu.
The anger against Jagan was brewing much before that though. This was evident from the fact that his party lost an MLC graduate election for 3 seats in 2022. The anger was brewing for multiple reasons. Jagan’s disastrous 3-capital plan basically meant that people were clueless about where the capital of the state was going to be. The disastrous plan, though passed by the Assembly, was rejected in the Legislative Council and more importantly, kept on hold by the High Court.
Companies that wanted to invest also were clueless about where to invest because of the confusion around the capital. With no investment coming in, the youth were obviously getting restless on the lack of opportunities in the state. They showed their anger in the 2022 elections, but Jagan simply failed to get the message.
Jagan promised to abolish liquor once he came to power. After coming to power, he encouraged the production of liquor in many local brands! So even while he was transferring 15,000/- per year into accounts of mothers who were sending their daughters to school, he was also instrumental in the rampant increase in the consumption of alcohol in rural households.
One of the flagship programs of Jagan was to revamp government schools, both from an infrastructure perspective and a teaching perspective. He focussed excessively on the beautification of the school buildings. He suddenly introduced English medium instruction without enough training to the teachers. He even experimented with introducing the IB syllabus! There was massive dissatisfaction within the teacher community. There was no attempt made to hire new teachers, even while vacancies were piling up.
While there are some more examples that can be cited, without strong opposition, the materialization of the anger would not have happened. And here is where we have to make a special mention of the TDP cadre for holding fort despite facing their worst-ever defeat in 2019. Chandrababu’s son, Lokesh underwent a good transformation during his year-long padayatra across the state. While they were building back their party, came the arrest of the Chandrababu Naidu, which changed the game in AP.
Pawan Kalyan’s Jana Sena was already in alliance with the BJP. The BJP and TDP split with very bad blood in 2019. Chandrababu’s arrest changed how Pawan Kalyan functioned too! He mentioned in a public meeting how much he struggled to bring back TDP and BJP together because he was very particular about defeating Jagan. He conducted a very spirited campaign for nearly three months, and the public gave him an outstanding 100% result – Jana Sena won 21 out of the 21 MLA seats they contested; and 2 out of the 2 MP seats they contested, as part of the NDA!
The TDP won a massive 135 out of the 144 seats it contested. This verdict is not just a slap on the face for Jagan but a huge vote of confidence in Chandrababu Naidu’s leadership too. The resilience of both the cadre and the leader has paid off really well in the 2024 elections.
BJP, which was literally an untouchable in 2019 also saw a revival – winning 8 MLA seats out of the 10 they contested; and 3 out of the 6 MP seats they contested. One of the MPs was a long-time karyakarta of the party – Bhupati Raju Srinivasa Varma, who won from Narsapuram. He has now been made a MoS in the Modi government.
The NDA won a whopping 164 out of the 175 seats in the AP Assembly. They also won 21 out of the 25 LS seats. Andhra Pradesh has been a key contributor to the strength of NDA in the 2024 elections and therefore there are higher expectations from Modi that he will give some extra benefits to AP.
On Monday, Udit Raj, the Congress candidate from the North West Lok Sabha constituency in Delhi, accused his party and its ally, the Aam Aadmi Party, of sabotaging his election campaign.
“According to the BJP’s internal survey, I was projected to win. However, I was sabotaged internally by my own party,” Raj said in an interaction with ANI. He lost to BJP’s Yogender Chandoliya, who secured 8,66,483 votes compared to Raj’s 5,75,634 votes in the recent general elections.
#WATCH | Delhi: "… BJP's internal survey showed I would win. I was sabotaged internally by my own party…," says Congress leader Udit Raj On his loss from the North-West Delhi constituency in the Lok Sabha Elections.
Raj claimed that AAP MLAs feared that if people voted for Congress, they might not vote for AAP in the upcoming Delhi assembly elections. “For two months, a conspiracy was being hatched against me in North-West Delhi. Congress party workers ran an anti-Brahmin and anti-Jaat campaign on social media and labelled me as an outsider,” he stated.
“In the end, AAP MLAs developed an understanding that once people vote for Congress, they might not vote for AAP in the upcoming Delhi Vidhan Sabha Elections… Internally, regularly for 2 months, a conspiracy was being rooted against me in North-west Delhi. Congress party workers ran an anti-Brahmin and anti-Jaat campaign on social media and said that I was an outsider,” Raj said.
Raj further criticized his party, saying, “The BJP did nothing wrong. There are multiple factions within Congress in Delhi—one operating locally and another at the national level. BJP did not oppose me, but our own party workers plotted against me. The same people responsible for our loss are now being promoted within the party. The BJP’s internal survey indicated my victory, yet I was sabotaged by my own party,” he lamented.
In the Khargone district of Madhya Pradesh, a teenager has accused his mother and a Muslim man of threatening and pressurising him to convert to Islam. On the victim’s complaint, the Kasrawad police station filed an FIR under the Madhya Pradesh Religious Freedom Act and sections of the Indian Penal Code and arrested both the accused.
SENSATIONAL: Islamist Marries Hindu Widow, Converts Her To Islam, Brainwashes Her, Tortures Her Son To Convert To Islam, Attempted Forced Circumcision On The Child, Duo Arrested.
Khargone, MP: Islamist youth befriended a widow Hindu woman, and soon they came into a relationship.… pic.twitter.com/w30owuh1QR
According to a Nai Dunia report, the complainant said that his father passed away a few years ago and later a Muslim man trapped his mother. In the complaint, the victim stated that both of them asked him to convert on the 3rd of March this year, at 9 PM. When the victim refused to comply, he was reportedly assaulted.
The accused also threatened to kill the teenager. The teenager said that the Muslim man used to visit his house and pressurise him to undergo circumcision and convert to Islam.
The victim said that on the evening of 1st July, his mother and the Muslim man pressured him to undergo circumcision and thrashed him when he refused. The next day, the victim reached the police station along with activists from Hindu rights organisations and filed a complaint against his mother and the Muslim man involved. After this, the accused duo were arrested, as confirmed by TI MS Romed.
On 7th July, Siasat published a report claiming a Muslim man Arvaaz was beaten and stripped merely for talking to a Hindu girl in Aligarh. The video incident, which took place in the Quarsi area of Aligarh on 3rd June, went viral on social media. Siasat projected the matter as if members of the Hindu community deemed the matter as “love jihad” unnecessarily to target a Muslim man. The report from Siasat was copied word-to-word by Muslim Mirror.
The matter was picked by several Hinduphobic propaganda handles on social media platforms who attempted to set a narrative that Hindus assaulted Muslim youth under the wrong pretext.
X user Saba Khan said in a post, “A Muslim youth was stripped naked and beaten by members of Hindutva organisations in front of police for talking with a Hindu girl in the Quarsi area of Aligarh on 3 June. Hindutva organisations alleged love jihad. BJP Mayor Shakuntala Bharti issued a warning to the administration asking them to curb the love jihad cases else they’ll handle themselves.”
#Aligarh : A Muslim youth was stripped naked and beaten by members of hindutva organisations in front of police for talking with a Hindu girl in Quarsi area of Aligarh on 3 June.
A video of the incident was shared by the Indian American Muslim Council (IAMC) on its social media handles. IAMC wrote, “In #Aligarh, a Muslim youth was stripped and beaten by #Hindutva groups, accusing him of “#LoveJihad” for talking to a Hindu girl. BJP Mayor Shakuntala Bharti warned officials to curb such cases or face direct action. Subsequently, the police arrested Nazim on charges of harassment.”
IAMC, whose X account is withheld in India, is linked with the banned Islamic terror outfit Students Islamic Movement of India (SIMI), Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), and Jamaat-e-Islami (JeI) through its founder Shaik Ubaid. The IAMC is a Jamat-e-Islami-backed lobbyist organisation, claiming to be a rights advocacy group. In the past, it had reportedly collaborated with and even paid money to various groups in the USA to get India blacklisted by the USCIRF (United States Commission on International Religious Freedom). IAMC had been caught spreading fake news and misinformation to further the Islamist cause in India. It had also been slapped with the UAPA in 2021.
Meer Faisal wrote, “On June 3, in Aligarh’s Quarsi area, a Muslim youth was stripped naked and assaulted by members of Hindutva organizations in the presence of the police, due to his interaction with a Hindu girl. These organizations alleged that this was a case of “love jihad”. BJP Mayor Shakuntala Bharti issued a stern warning to the administration, demanding action to curb such incidents, or else the organizations would take matters into their own hands.” Meer Faisal’s original account was withheld in India after which he created a new account.
On June 3, in Aligarh's Quarsi area, a Muslim youth was stripped naked and assaulted by members of Hindutva organizations in the presence of the police, due to his interaction with a Hindu girl. These organizations alleged that this was a case of "love jihad."
X user Muslim Voice also claimed that the Muslim man was assaulted merely for talking to a Hindu girl.
#India: On June 3 in Aligarh's Quarsi area, a Muslim youth was stripped naked and assaulted by Hindutva extremists in the presence of the police due to his interaction with a Hindu girl.#IndianMuslims#Hindutvapic.twitter.com/3LsZMPHnpp
Hate Detector, an X handle known for publishing fake reports and Hinduphobic content, wrote, “On June 3, in #Aligarh’s #Quarsi area, a #Muslim youth was stripped naked and assaulted by members of #Hindutva organizations in the presence of the police, due to his interaction with a #Hindu girl. These organizations alleged that this was a case of ‘love jihad’.”
On June 3, in #Aligarh's #Quarsi area, a #Muslim youth was stripped naked and assaulted by members of #Hindutva organizations in the presence of the police, due to his interaction with a #Hindu girl. These organizations alleged that this was a case of "love jihad."#BJP Mayor… pic.twitter.com/1ziq5kfh0M
On 3rd June, Aligarh police arrested a Muslim man identified as Arvaaz for harassing a minor Hindu girl. As per reports, he was caught red-handed by the father of the girl at around 7 PM. Minor Hindu girls were returning home from tuition classes via the road behind the veterinary hospital on Khair Road. Some youths stopped them and began harassing them. When the girls resisted, the youth threatened them with country-made pistols and pressured them to convert to Islam. They threatened the girls saying they would kill them if they refused.
The girls started screaming for help. One of the girls’ fathers was passing by when heard the screams and rushed to the scene. He managed to capture one of the men with the help of people around. The man was beaten up by the public and handed over to the police. He has been identified as Arvaaz, son of Haji Munna from Sarai Mian.
Police have confirmed that they received a complaint from the father who stated that his daughter and other girls were being harassed by these men. One of the youths was arrested and the police are taking legal action. Police officer Abhay Pratab said, “A complaint was filed this evening at the Dehli Gate police station alleging harassment of a minor girl by some youths. One suspect has been arrested, and the investigation is ongoing.”
Police officials have confirmed receiving a complaint from the father, who stated that his daughter, along with her friends, was harassed by a group of youths. The complaint led to the arrest of one individual, and further legal action is being pursued.
BJP leader Shakuntala Bharti said, “This is a serious issue. Our daughters are being harassed, threatened with weapons, and pressured to change their religion. This happens in a busy market area, and the authorities must take stringent action against such miscreants.”
Aligarh Police also released a statement about the matter.
थाना क्वार्सी- प्रकरण दिनांक 03.07.24 का है, जिसमें तत्समय आवश्यक वैधानिक कार्यवाही की गई थी। उपरोक्त संबंध में सहायक पुलिस अधीक्षक/ क्षेत्राधिकारी नगर तृतीय @IPSAmrit_Jain द्वारा दी गई बाइट pic.twitter.com/NPreZ5NjDj
ASP Amrit Jain said that the police have taken action in the matter. One of the accused has been arrested and sent to judicial custody. Further investigation into the matter is underway.
On Monday (8th July), the Supreme Court dismissed the West Bengal government’s plea challenging the Calcutta High Court’s order that directed a CBI probe into allegations of land-grabbing and sexual assault in Sandeshkhali. During the brief hearing on Monday, Justice Gavai asked, “Why should the state be interested?”
J Gavai: We have been asking why should the state be interested?
An Advocate seeks pass-over on behalf of Sr Adv Dr Singhvi
The bench of Justices BR Gavai and KV Viswanathan dismissed the arguments of Senior Advocate Abhishek Manu Singhvi, representing the Bengal government, who submitted that at the most only two FIRs, relating to ED officials, could be given to the CBI.
Singhvi argued, “Far reaching directions to CBI at the most could be restricted to two FIRs, which related to ED officials. Now the impugned directions cover everything, like ration scam. See how much work has been done by us…it can’t be a blanket direction.” He added, “43 FIRs are about so-called ration scam…”
Sr Adv Singhvi: Far reaching directions to CBI at the most could be restricted to two FIRs, which related to ED officials. Now the impugned directions cover everything, like ration scam#SupremeCourt#Sandeshkhali
Dismissing Singhvi’s submission, the bench directed that “all” cases related to Sandeshkhali will be probed by the CBI. Justice Gavai pulled up the West Bengal government and observed, “You don’t do anything for months…”
Justice Viswanathan also questioned the ineffectiveness of the Bengal Police. He added, “FIRs registered 4 years ago, when were the arrests made? Who were the accused?”
Justice Gavai asserted, “The order is pertaining to all related incidents…it’s not omnibus.”
However, while dismissing the plea, the court noted that the observations made during today’s hearing must not influence CBI in its investigating.
The bench was hearing the West Bengal government’s plea against the CBI probe into the allegations of land-grabbing and sexual assault in Sandeshkhali by suspended TMC leader Shajahan Sheikh and his accomplices.
During an earlier hearing held in April 2024, the Supreme Court pulled up the West Bengal government for opposing the CBI investigation into the Sandeshkhali cases. Criticising the government’s stance, the bench asked how can a state government approach the top court to protect the interests of an individual.
The bench had adjourned the matter at the request of the Bengal government’s counsel Singhvi. While the bench expressed reservations about adjourning the matter, it accepted his request only after taking his statement on record that “the pendency of this petition will not be used as a ground for any purposes.”
Following the pronouncement of the order, Justice Gavai was heard saying, “Why should the State come as a petitioner for protecting the interest of some private (individual)?”
