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‘Hindus are not cowards, you cannot convert us’: Malayalam actors Anushree and Unni Mukundan on anti-Hindu comments by Kerala speaker

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Days after the Speaker of Kerala’s Legislative Assembly, AN Shamseer made disparaging remarks about Lord Ganesha calling him a myth, popular Malayalam actors Anushree and Unni Mukundan have given strong statements against Hinduphobic comments made by the ruling CPIM leader.

Speaking at a Ganesholvam event in Palakkad on August 23, Anushree slammed those who make insulting remarks about Hindu Dharma and Hindu Gods even when Hindus never indulge in disparaging other religions. She pointed out that a non-believer cannot convert a believer as Hindus did not become believers in just one or two days rather they saw the rituals and culture since their birth, comprehended things while growing up and became believers or devotees.

“The things we saw from our birth, the rituals we saw while growing up. because of it, we became believers over a long period,” Anushree said.

Referring to Kerala Assembly Speaker AN Shamseer’s derogatory comment about Lord Ganesha, Anushree said that if someone sitting somewhere claims that Ganapathy is a myth or Devi is fiction, that will not help in converting Hindus from being believers to non-believers. She added that comments will not make the Hindus lose their beliefs. She further reiterated actor Unni Mukundan’s recent comments wherein he questioned about why Hindu beliefs are being targeted and Hindu emotions are being harmed.

“When my brother Unni spoke at the Mahaganapthy temple yesterday, he said, Why is everyone harming us (Hindus) alone? Why are they hurting our emotions and beliefs?” Anushree said.

Moreover, in an indirect reference to Shamseer, Anushree while addressing the crowd said that someone sitting somewhere has this misconception that Hindus are not brave enough.

“Someone somewhere thinks or they have a misconception that we are not brave enough. Are we cowards? No. When this huge crowd gathers here, we exhibit that we are indeed brave. When someone sitting somewhere talks in this manner, we feel sad. Why are they making us upset when we never do that to others? Every citizen has the right to protect his rituals and beliefs. Then why are others hurting our emotions?” the actress said.

The actress further recalled how, while participating in Srikrishna Jayanti celebrations back in 2019 organised by Balagokulam, a group affiliated with the Sangh Parivar, she dressed up as Bharat Mata and was labelled a bigot, trolled, and bullied over social media.

Anushree also talked about how she was afraid to attend events related to temples as she feared that attending such events would invite further trolling and bullying online. The actress, however, had this realisation of how long can Hindus stay intimidated.

“Why or who should be afraid to say that we are Hindus or since we are born as Hindus, we respect our rituals? Never be afraid. When I get afraid, everyone else gets afraid too. We must never embrace that fear. Each and everyone is born with their religion and beliefs,” Anushree asserted.

The actress opined that sometimes it is good that someone speaks out against Hindus as it brings the Hindus closer and reinforces their unity. She added that Hindus have a strong spine and will protest against any act that hurts Hindu dharma or insults Hindu Gods be it Lord Ganesha or others.

“Sometimes I feel that it is good that someone sitting somewhere causes trouble for us as it brings up an opportunity to demonstrate our unity. When I think in this way, I take such things on a positive note. Because we are not spineless. Our spines are strong. If we have to protest, we will protest in a good way. I will respond in my own way, and will do all possible things from my side if there is any act that harms my religion and my faith. that includes Lord Ganesha and other gods that I believe in.” actress Anushree said.

Taking to X, the Kerala BJP on Wednesday praised actress Anushree for speaking up for Hindus amidst constant attacks on Hindu beliefs.

“We applaud Actress Anushree’s courage to fight the narrative that Hindus lack the backbone to stand up for their beliefs. Amid personal and professional challenges, she’s redefining faith as strength, not weakness, shaping identity. In a world of labels, she teaches us: having a voice matters, but wielding it matters even more,” BJP Keralam posted.

Unni Mukundan urges Hindus to become unapologetic about their faith

Recently, popular Malayalam actor Unni Mukundan attended an event at the Kottarakara Mahaganapathi Temple where the actor addressed the crowd at the temple and said that while everyone has the right to voice their opinions and even express their disbelief in God, however, Hindus not resisting to such challenges is a failure. He asserted that today someone called Lord Ganesha a myth, tomorrow they may assert that Lord Krishna and Lord Shiva are also myths and eventually they may declare Hindus also a myth, thus it becomes crucial that Hindus remain attentive to such comments.

Mukundan said that Hindus should practice their rituals and traditions unapologetically adding that no one dares to question or critique the traditions of other religions. “I have only one thing to say, you must comprehend the circumstances and proceed with your rituals. No one even dares to criticize the rituals of believers in other religions or their deities. This is the approach you should adopt,” Mukundan said.

This comes after Kerala state assembly speaker AN Shameer while speaking at a school event in Ernakulam on July 21st said that the Centre should teach the children about accomplishments in science and technology instead of Hindu myths. He used Lord Ganesha and Pushpak Vimana as an example to call out “Hindu myths”.

Premoday Khakha’s family including his children knew about minor’s rape, his wife assaulted victim, blamed her for ‘sending the wrong signals’ to her husband

Days after the special Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act (POCSO) judge sent suspended Delhi government official, Premoday Khakha, and his wife, Seema Rani, to 14 days of judicial custody in connection with the rape of a minor girl, it has come to the fore that Khakha’s family including his children knew about sexual assault.

According to the reports, Khakha raped the girl for the first time on October 31, 2020, after which he informed his wife, Seema Rani. The accused woman then blamed the victim girl saying that she might have given wrong indications to Khakha. It has also been alleged that Khakha used to give her drugs before raping her.

Several media reports mention that the girl was fed drugs when she was raped for the first time in October 2020. However, a report by Dainik Bhasker states that the girl was fed drugs every time she was raped.

As per a report by Live Hindustan, the girl in her official statement said that the wife of Khakha would blame her for the criminal acts of Khakha. She also said that Seema Rani would verbally and physically abuse her on a regular basis.

The investigating officers confirmed that Khakha’s entire family including his kids knew about the criminal acts of Khakha. Khakha has two kids, one girl and a boy. Earlier it had been informed that Seema Rani had asked his son to get abortion medicines for the victim after the girl informed that she had missed her periods.

However, now it has been revealed that Khakha’s daughter also knew about the minor girl and the crime executed by her father. Police say that both the children of Khakha are adults and will be interrogated in the case.

Khakha underwent a vasectomy about 20 years ago, says his lawyer

The special Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act (POCSO) judge of Tis Hazari Court on Wednesday sent suspended Delhi government official, Premoday Khakha, and his wife, Seema Rani, to 14 days of judicial custody till September 6, in connection with the rape of a minor girl.

The woman has been accused of hiding the pregnancy of the minor girl and abortion. However, the attorney representing Khakha stated that the accused did not impregnate the girl and that allegations against him are false as he (Khakha) had undergone a vasectomy about 20 years ago.

Following this, the Delhi Police has conducted a potency test of the accused, the results of which will prove to be crucial evidence in the case.

What is the case?

On Monday, August 21, the Delhi Police arrested a senior Delhi government officer named Premoday Khakha (51) for raping a minor girl for over three months in Delhi’s Burari region. The police also arrested the wife of Khakha who allegedly gave the minor girl pills to get rid of the pregnancy caused by the rape. The accused had developed close ties with the victim’s family through a church in north Delhi’s Burari region.

The 17-year-old minor girl complained against Khakha and his wife Seema Rani that the two assaulted her for three months during her stay at their place between October 2020 and April 2021. The victim girl said that Khakha who served as deputy director in Delhi’s women and child department (WCD) raped her multiple times and his wife forced her to have abortion pills.

As reported earlier, following the death of the father of the girl in October 2022, Khakha, whom the girl referred to as “mama” brought the child to his Burari residence. The victim’s mother, who had known the family for many years, thought her daughter would be safe under Khakha’s supervision, and spending time in their house would help her get over the loss.

However, the girl was raped multiple times. Also, several complaints against Khakha regarding child abuse and inappropriate behavior at the workplace against women have come to the fore. Detailed reports regarding the same can be read here.

‘First, bury them till waist to maintain their modesty and then stone them to death’: Video of UK imam Shaykh Zakaullah Saleem goes viral

On Tuesday, 22nd August 2023, a video surfaced on social media featuring an imam named Shaykh Zakaullah Saleem delivering a lecture to an audience, instructing them on the ‘correct procedure’ of stoning a woman to death. The video originates from the Green Lane Masjid in Birmingham UK which recently obtained £2.2 million (equivalent to Rs 23.24 crore) in funding from the British government in the name of ‘aiding the youth within the Birmingham community’.

Within the video, Imam Shaykh Zakaullah Saleem is audible, instructing the audience that, prior to stoning, the woman should be buried waist-deep in the ground. He said, “According to the Sharia (Islamic law), when it comes to women, there must be a hole dug in the earth, in the ground; and she must be covered up to half of the body.”

The video circulated widely on the social media platform X (formerly known as Twitter). Certain users raised skepticism about whether Shaykh Zakaullah Saleem indeed endorsed the practice. However, another video of the same lecture by this imam portrays him clarifying to the audience that stoning to death serves as the penalty for ‘zina’—an Islamic legal term denoting forbidden sexual relations.

Shaykh Zakaullah Saleem said, “The person who commits zina, according to the Islamic or the Sharia, whenever the Sharia is established, the punishment (for) the adulterer – man or woman – the punishment for them is, if they are married, then they will be stoned to death. If they are unmarried, they will be beaten with 100 lashes in front of a big Muslim gathering.”

He added, “As Allah said at the beginning of the Surah An-Nur, ‘The man and woman who commit Zina – beat them and strike them with one hundred lashes. And you should not show any kind of mercy or sympathy towards them when it comes to the matter of the religion of Allah.’ Then Allah says, ‘And there should be a large group of believers witnessing their punishment’.”

The website of the Green Lane Mosque in Birmingham has given an introduction about this Imam Shaykh Zakaullah Saleem on its website. It says, “Qari Zakaullah is the Head Imam and Head of Education at the Masjid. After completing his Islamic Education, he worked in numerous roles before becoming the Imam of Green Lane Masjid in the UK. He memorized the Qur’an at a very young age and has led the Taraweeh prayers on numerous occasions. He has recently completed his Masters in Islamic Education from the Markfield Institute of Higher Education.” The mission statement of this Green Lane mosque as seen below its logo in the viral video reads ‘Inspire Educate Serve’.

Markfield Institute of Higher Education is an Islamic institute in Leicestershire. The institute is considered to be the UK’s leading center for Islamic studies. It received £2.2 million from the British government as a part of the Youth Development Fund by the Department of Culture, Media, Sports, and Charity Social Investment Business.

Notably, in July 2023, the UK government allotted a £24 million fund for protecting mosques and Muslim schools in the country. UK’s security minister Tom Tugendhat said, “Places of worship will receive £24 million in funding to help keep them and their faithful safe.” This funding is a part of the UK government’s commitment to ensure that religious communities are protected from hate crimes and terror attacks. But as opposed to the objective of the funding, Imam Shaykh Zakaullah Saleem was preaching the means of stoning a woman to death in the video that recently went viral.

Pakistan: Youtuber Nadir Ali dubs Priyanka Chopra as ‘maid’, ‘black salt’, makes lewd remarks about the ‘bust size’ of Ameesha Patel

On Tuesday (August 22), Pakistani YouTuber Nadir Ali actor courted controversy for making derogatory remarks about the appearance of actress Priyanka Chopra and Ameesha Patel during a conversation with actor Moammar Rana.

During the podcast, Rana was asked to name a film personality, who looked ‘Bhayanak (ugly)’ without makeup. He remarked that there were no such actors in the Pakistani film industry and went on to claim that he met some ‘Bhayank’ looking actors in India.

“This has happened to me… I was seated when a woman came and sat next to me and talked to Salman…I did not know what to do,” Rana was heard saying. At that point, Nadir Ali interjected and claimed, “Maid hai ki kya hai (Was she a maid)?”

“He later asked me whether I recognised the woman… Salman told me that she was Priyanka Chopra…My crush died at that point,” Rana said. Nadir Ali then went on to compare the Indian actress to ‘kala namak‘ (black salt). The Pakistani actor laughed and said, “I was like go to hell.”

During the podcast, Moammar Rana claimed that actress Ameesha Patel was ‘genuine and beautiful.’ The podcaster Nadir Ali prodded the actor to describe the attributes that made the actress beautiful in her eyes.

Chehra kya dekhta ho, dil mein uttar kar dekho (Why do you keep looking at the face…Come and settle in my heart),” Ali made a lewd suggestion, indicating the bust size of Ameesha Patel. The Pakistani actor giggled at the remark and said, “Should I tell everything here?”

Podcaster and actor faces social media backlash

Soon after, netizens slammed the actor and the podcaster for their disturbing remarks on the two prominent Bollywood actresses.

“Nadir Ali & his equally vile guest Moammar Rana made deeply offensive rac1st & elitist comments on Priyanka Chopra comparing her to a ‘maid’ owing to her complexion. Domestic workers are beautiful, Ms Chopra is an achiever but the minds of these 2 failed men are HORRIBLY UGLY,” tweeted lawyer Muneeb Qadir.

“Shame on Nadir & Moammar Rana,” tweeted one Ambreen Fatima.

“Nadir Ali is so entitled man that he is not gonna look himself before calling Priyanka kaala namak,” wrote another user.

When Nadir Ali pestered Pakistani actress to convert to Islam

In June this year, the controversial podcaster was seen pestering Pakistani actress Sunita Marshall to convert to Islam. At one point, he even said, “May Allah give her the guidance to accept Islam.”

Ali’s first question to Sunita was about which religion her children follow. To this, she replied, “Islam”. The YouTuber then asks Sunita, “So what is your plan then…in future..(to convert)?”

Sunita, visibly uncomfortable about the direction of the conversation, answered with a clear no. “I don’t have any such plan at least not for now. Neither do I have any pressure from Hassan’s side or from his family. There are often such comments (suggesting conversion) on Instagram but those have not affected me.”

Ali did not stop there. He wenton to repeat his question asking if any of Sunita’s in-laws ever asked her to convert. Sunita again replied in the negative. And then Ali said, “May Allah give her the guidance to accept Islam.”

Sunita finally told Ali, “If one really wants to (convert), then, it better be from the heart or else better to not (convert) at all.”

Donald Trump gets arrested in Georgia, returns to Twitter posting his mug shot after being released from Fulton County jail: Details

Former US President Donald Trump marked his return to Twitter, now called X, after surrendering at an Atlanta Jail on Thursday, August 24, following his indictment in Georgia 2020 election interference case. Fulton County authorities had released Trump’s booking photos publicly on Thursday night.

Trump became the first US president ever to have a mug shot taken. The mug shot shows Trump, who is dressed in his signature navy suit and red tie, glowering and staring into the camera.

Taking to X, Trump wrote, “Election interference. Never surrender!” along with a link to his website.

It was Trump’s first tweet since Twitter suspended his account indefinitely on January 8, 2021, due to ‘concerns’ that he would promote “violence” in the wake of the storming of the U.S. Capitol building. Shortly after Elon Musk took over the firm in November of last year, Trump’s account was restored, however, Trump had decided not to use it, asserting that he was content on his own Truth Social site.

Elon Musk reacted to Trump’s post with his mug shot, calling it “Next level”.

Following his release on a $200,000 bail bond, Trump returned to the airport to catch his flight back to New Jersey. As his convoy departed, Trump gave the thumbs-up through the window of his SUV. After the brief visit to jail, he was unapologetic but restrained, asserting once more that he “did nothing wrong” and calling the case accusing him of interfering in election results a “travesty of justice.”

“They’re trying to interfere with an election. There’s never been anything like it in our country before. This is their way of campaigning. And this is one instance but you have three other instances. It’s election interference. You should be able to challenge an election. I thought the election was a rigged election, a stolen election. What has taken place here is a travesty of justice. We did nothing wrong. I did nothing wrong. What they’re doing is election interference. And we have every right, every single right, to challenge an election that we think is dishonest. So we think it’s very dishonest. So thank you all very much and I’ll see you very soon,” Trump said.

Speaking to Newsmax, the former US President said that he went through an experience he had never thought he would have to go through as he spoke about his indictment and subsequent arrest. “Never in my life, I know about the indictment, and now I have been indicted like four times all by the radical left and in coordination with the justice department.

As reported earlier, a total of 19 people have been indicted in the case including Trump, who is at the forefront for the Republican nomination for the 2024 Presidential elections. Trump campaign officials, lawyers, and Trump government officials have been charged. The case has been brought by Fulton County District Attorney Fani Willis, who has become a hero in the Democrat corridors.

With his return to X (formerly known as Twitter), Donald Trump, the front-runner in the polls for the Republican presidential nomination, will be able to bolster his election campaign. The former US President has a huge fan following in X, and can drown out any negative news about him, including the news of his indictments.

Himachal floods: NDRF rescues 51 people stranded in Mandi cloud burst sites

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The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) on Thursday rescued 51 people who were stranded in cloud burst incident sites at Shehnu Gouni and Kholanala villages in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh, said authorities. 

The Himalayan state has reported widespread destruction and deaths due to heavy rains, landslides, and cloudbursts reported from different parts of the state.

Meanwhile, several houses collapsed after a massive landslide struck Himachal Pradesh’s Kullu district on Thursday.
Officials said 2,237 hoses have been fully damaged and 9,924 houses have been damaged partially. They said 300 shops and 4783 cow sheds have been damaged.

Former Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister Jairam Thakur on Thursday visited landslide-affected areas of Kuklah in Mandi district and urged the state Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu to arrange rations for the people living in these areas.
“Keeping in view the huge loss due to heavy rainfall in the state, I have visited my constituency. A two-storeyed school building collapsed today and almost all houses have become unsafe as they have developed cracks. Around six people have lost their lives in one day,” Former HP CM said.

(This news report is published from a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has not been written or edited by OpIndia staff)

When Hitler and Stalin shook hands as they thought communism was a promise of heaven: As Western Europe sleeps, Hungary should light candle of truth

When we shook off the shackles of dictatorship in our anti-communist revolutions in 1989 and 1990, we hoped that the historical justice that was done to the Nazis after World War II would be carried out against the Soviets, too. We were disappointed. The world lacked the courage and honour to close the era of socialism by exposing and condemning its crimes. It took more than 20 years after the regime change for our region to take the initiative to finally pay tribute to the victims of totalitarian dictatorships on a day of remembrance in the European Union starting in 2011.

August 23 reminds us of the handshakes of two dictators and the anti-human regimes they ran. For those who, before August 23, 1939, thought that communism was a promise of heaven on earth and that only the Nazis deserved to elicit any contempt or bad taste in the mouth, the Hitler-Stalin pact must have been a sobering slap in the face. While the two dictatorships agreed on how to divide the world between them, they also showed their true colors, as it became clear to all that the ideological differences between the Nazis and the communists were only superficial. “The one appears as a savior, and under his robe lies the devil; the other disguises himself as Satan, and is in fact Satan,” wrote our Nobel Prize-winning writer Imre Kertész. Less than a week later, Hitler and Stalin’s diabolical grip led to World War II.

We Hungarians – and, more broadly, the inhabitants of Central and Eastern Europe – experienced the cold and raw grip of the Nazi and Soviet dictatorships firsthand. Our sovereignty was taken away, our independence was abolished, we were oppressed, exploited, and a system of terror based on hatred and exclusion was introduced to legitimize the regime. Totalitarian dictatorships have pitted people against each other and played them off against each other, creating a climate of fear, suspicion and mistrust, consolidated by a system of informants and denouncers. Both the communists and the Nazis used violence against their perceived or real enemies on a scale hitherto unknown, and they both committed crimes on a massive scale, the likes of which are unparalleled in history. “The exile from human existence, the torment, the starvation, the slave labor, the death by torture, are the same in Recsk as in Dachau, and Kolyma is no different from Mauthausen in this respect. (…) Both the Gulag and the Nazi camp network were created for the same purpose, and the millions of victims testify to the fact that they fulfilled their purpose,” Kertész wrote. The cynicism, immorality and anti-humanity of those who ran the dictatorship were summed up best by none other than Stalin: “Death solves all problems, no man, no problem.”

When we remember the victims of totalitarian dictatorships in Europe, we are not only thinking of those who were murdered because of their political views, their beliefs or their race. We must also count those who were displaced, dispossessed and ultimately robbed of their future because of their family traditions, their past, their upbringing. And we must also think of ourselves, because ultimately it was our past, our traditions and our values that they sought to strip from us. But on this day, we must also remember those who were not only victims of dictatorships, but also those who fought against them in deed, in word or by action. Their courage, their loyalty to their nation, to their faith, is an example to us all of the duty to resist evil. It was their overwhelming desire for freedom that fueled the anti-communist revolution that put us back in control of our destiny.

For us Hungarians and for those of us in Central Europe who carry with us the common historical heritage of the 20th century, it increases the chances of understanding and a sense of belonging among us. It is precisely because of this trauma that we are more understanding of the suffering of other people, because we see in it our own pain, anxiety and loss. However, all of this also comes with a huge responsibility today in a Europe whose Western half does not know the price and meaning of freedom, does not know the true face of dictatorships, does not value their national heritage and identity, and does not value the importance of family and religion.

We, who possess this priceless heritage, must take Arthur Koestler’s advice and light the “candles of truth” to pass on our knowledge.

Rajmund Fekete, PhD, is a historian and Director of the Institute for the Research of Communism. This article appeared in Hungarian in the August 23, 2023 edition of Magyar Nemzet. The article has been re-published here with the author’s permission.

AAP’s Sanjay Singh misses the deadline to respond to the notice by Committee of Privileges in Parliament after he misbehaved in the Upper House

Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) Rajya Sabha MP Sanjay Singh has missed the August 24 deadline on the notice of the Committee of Privileges in Parliament that sought his response on his alleged “misconduct” in the Upper House that led to his suspension from the House. 

“Sanjay Singh has missed the deadline of August 24th to respond to the Privileges Committee’s notice on his suspension. He is to seek extension on health grounds,” AAP source told ANI.  

Sanjay Singh was suspended from Rajya Sabha on August 11, after the motion moved by the leader of the house Piyush Goyal was unanimously passed in the absence of members of  Opposition parties. 

Rajyasabha Chairman Jagadeep Dhankhar sought the approval of the House for the motion and said that Sanjay Singh was being suspended “for having repeatedly violated the directive of the Chair”. 

The AAP MP was suspended for the remaining duration of the Monsoon session during the Opposition’s protest in the House over the Manipur issue. 

Dhankhar had earlier cautioned Sanjay Singh saying that he would be forced to name the AAP member after he repeatedly protested against the proposed bill to replace Centre’s ordinance for control over services in Delhi.

(This news report is published from a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has not been written or edited by OpIndia staff)

Uttar Pradesh: Gul Mohammad lures a married Hindu woman into his love trap, brainwashes and converts her to Islam, arrested

On August 22 (Tuesday), a case of love jihad came to the fore from Sambhal in Uttar Pradesh where a married Hindu woman was trapped by a Muslim youth named Gul Mohammad. Reports suggest that the accused Gul Mohammad, who was at the time residing in a rented home in Sambhal, lured her into his love trap and then indoctrinated and converted her to Islam.

On Thursday, August 24, the Sambhal police traced the Hindu woman and rescued her. She was sent back home after her statement was recorded. Accused Gul Mohammad was arrested after a case was registered against him for abduction, forced conversion, issuing death threats to the victim and trespassing the victim’s house.

The victim’s kins levelled serious accusations against the accused Gul Mohammad, accusing him of luring the married woman into his love trap and then abducting her. They also alleged that the accused converted her to Islam and then married her as per Islamic rituals.

According to media reports, the incident came to light after the victim, living in the Chandausi police station area limits in the Sambhal district, went suddenly missing on August 16, 2023, leaving behind her 4-year-old child. On the evening of August 19, the victim’s husband reached the police station to file a missing complaint.

After receiving the complaint, the police started investigating the matter. The Sambhal police received information that Gul Mohammad had abducted the woman and kept her in his house in Lalpur Hamirpur village in Moradabad.

When the police reached the accused’s house, they found the victim there in a burqa. The woman was rescued and brought back to Sambhal. 

As soon as the news of the incident spread, members of various Hindu organizations reached the Chandausi police station and created a ruckus, demanding strict action against the accused. 

ISRO announces all activities on Chandrayaan-3 are on schedule and all systems normal, read details of the systems turned on

A day after the Vikram lander of the Chandrayaan-3 mission successfully landed on the south pole of the moon, ISRO has said that several systems of the mission have been turned on and they are working as expected. The space research organisation posted an update on X saying that all activities are on schedule and all systems are normal.

The agency gave details of the systems which have started working from today. They are ILSA, RAMBHA and ChaSTE systems on the Vikram lander module, SHAPE payload on the propulsion module, and the mobility systems of the Pragyan rover.

ILSA stands for Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity, which will measure the seismicity around the landing site of the lander. It will also study the composition of the Moon’s crust and mantle. RAMBHA stands for Radio Anatomy of Moon Bound Hypersensitive ionosphere and Atmosphere, which will study the electrons and ions near the surface of the moon and how they change over time.

The third lander payload ChaSTE is Chandra’s Surface Thermophysical Experiment, which will measure the thermal conductivity and temperature of the lunar surface at the south pole region.

The SHAPE payload on the propulsion module is the Spectro-polarimetry of Habitable Planet Earth, and its job is to study the spectral and Polari metric measurements of Earth from the lunar orbit. This instrument will help in future discoveries of smaller planets in reflected light. It will also allow the scientists to probe into a variety of Exo-planets which would qualify for habitability, or to study the presence of life.

Basically, SHAPE system will observe light coming from Earth, the only planet known to have life. This observation may help in identifying other planets with life orbiting other stars other than the sun.

It is notable that the propulsion module is the spacecraft that carried the lander module from the launch vehicle to the lunar orbit, where the lander module containing the rover was separated. While it is not designed as an orbiter, it has enough fuel left to orbit around the moon for several months.

ISRO also mentioned that Rover mobility operations have commenced, which means that the Pragyan rover has started to move on the surface after rolling down from the lander using a ramp.

Apart from the systems turned on today, the Vikram Lander module has several other scientific instruments. The include Langmuir Probe (LP) to estimate the plasma density and its variations, a passive Laser Retroreflector Array from NASA for lunar laser ranging studies.

Apart from them, there are a number of sensors on Vikram, which are Laser Inertial Referencing and Accelerometer Package (LIRAP), Ka-Band Altimeter (KaRA), Lander Position Detection Camera (LPDC), LHDAC (Lander Hazard Detection & Avoidance Camera), Laser Altimeter (LASA), Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV), Lander Horizontal Velocity Camera (LHVC), Micro Star sensor, Inclinometer & Touchdown sensors.

The Pragyan rover module has two scientific experiments, Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS). APXS will determine the composition of elements such as magnesium, aluminium, silicon, potassium, calcium, titanium, and iron in the lunar soil and rocks, while LIBS will determine the chemical and mineral composition of the lunar surface.

Unlike the Chandrayaan-2 mission, the Chandrayaan-3 mission does not have an orbiter. However, the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter is still in lunar orbit and has already established two-way communications with the Vikram lander.

The Vikram lander has direct links with Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN), while the rover has communication link only with the lander. Chandrayaan-2 orbiter will also be used for contingency link.