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Defence Minister Rajnath Singh approves AMCA programme execution model to boost indigenous aerospace industry

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Union Defence Minister Rajnath Singh on Tuesday approved the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) Programme Execution Model, a key step to boost India’s indigenous defence capabilities and strengthen the domestic aerospace industry, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) said in an official statement.

According to MoD’s statement, in a significant push towards enhancing India’s indigenous defence capabilities and fostering a robust domestic aerospace industrial ecosystem, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has approved the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) Programme Execution Model.

The Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) is set to execute the programme through industry partnership.

The Execution Model approach provides equal opportunities to both the private and public sectors on a competitive basis. They can bid either independently or as a joint venture, or as consortia. The entity or bidder should be an Indian company compliant with the laws and regulations of the country, the statement said.

This is an important step towards harnessing the indigenous expertise, capability and capacity to develop the AMCA prototype, which will be a major milestone towards Aatmanirbharta in the aerospace sector.

ADA will shortly issue an Expression of Interest (EoI) for the AMCA Development Phase, the statement added.

Earlier reports indicate that India is actively encouraging private sector involvement in the indigenous fifth-generation AMCA project to ensure its timely completion, even as the US pushes to sell its F-35 fighter jets to the country.

A Defence Ministry committee led by Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh, with members from the Indian Air Force and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), has been formed to explore ways to enhance private sector participation in the project.

The committee is considering multiple models, including joint ventures between HAL and private firms, or having private companies partner in the design and development phases. Given HAL’s extensive experience in aerospace manufacturing, its involvement remains central to the project.

Currently, HAL outsources significant portions of work for fighter jets to private companies like L&T, Godrej, and Azad Engineering. Among private players, the Tata Group has some experience in aircraft integration, working with Airbus on assembling C-295 transport aircraft in India.

A full-scale model of AMCA, designed by ADA for the Indian Air Force, was showcased at Aero India 2025, held in Bengaluru from February 10 to 14. This 25-ton aircraft will feature manned and unmanned teaming capabilities, enhanced by artificial intelligence (AI) technologies.

The AI-powered electronic pilot includes multi-sensor data fusion for better situational awareness, a pilot decision support system, an automatic target identification system, and a combined vision system for navigation under poor visibility conditions.

According to ADA, the integration of AI will significantly advance the AMCA’s operational capabilities, making it one of the most advanced fifth-generation fighter aircraft globally.

(This news report is published from a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has not been written or edited by OpIndia staff)

Operation Push-back:India continues its crackdown on illegal Bangladeshis and Rohingyas, 742 deported so far

India has reportedly pushed-back a whopping 172 illegal Bangladeshi immigrants back to their home country between Saturday night (24th May) and Sunday morning (25th May) as part of its ongoing crackdown on infiltrators (Operation Push-back).

The deportations were carried out through the borders located in Bangladesh’s Sylhet, Meherpur and Moulvibazar.

India pushed back a total of 19 Bangladeshi infiltrators in Meherpur on Sunday morning. They were then taken by the Border Guard Bangladesh to a temporary shelter.

The Bangladeshi citizens who were living illegally in India were later taken into custody by the police. They infiltrated Indian territory at various points in time and resided in the State of Haryana.

After being intercepted, these 19 infiltrators were brought to Berhampore in the Murshidabad district of West Bengal and then pushed back to the Bangladeshi side.

A total of 153 illegal Bangladeshi immigrants were pushed-back through the borders in Sylhet (32) and Moulvibazar (121) by BSF between Saturday night (24th May) and Sunday morning (25th May).

They are natives of Kurigram in Bangladesh and have been working in India for several years.

BGB commanding officer Lt Col Mehedi Hasan lamented, “After Saturday’s push in through the Kanaighat border, we increased our vigilance in the border. However, the BSF managed to push in 153 people through five points in the border between 2:00am to 8:30am.”

He claimed, “The BSF switched off the security lights they installed in their part of the border and pushed in these people. After we detained them, we confirmed their nationalities as Bangladeshi and, considering the humanitarian ground, detained and later handed them to the police.

According to BGB, the illegal immigrants were working at different stone quarries and brick fields in India.

Previously, the BSF pushed back 16 Bangladeshi infiltrators back to their home country on 14th May this year.

BGB has stated that India has similarly pushed back 664 Bangladeshi infilitrators through borders in 11 districts of Bangladesh.

These districts include Khagrachhari, Kurigram, Sylhet, Moulvibazar, Habiganj, Dinajpur, Thakurgaon, Panchagarh, Cumilla, Feni, and Jhenidah.

In total 742 Bangladeshi immigrants have been deported under ‘Operation Push-back’ so far.

Operation Push-back: A success story

For decades, India has followed established protocols to deport Bangladeshi infilitrators and Rohingyas to their home country.

The process has been slow (pending trial in courts), cumbersome (because Bangladesh government and Bangladesh Border Guard often refuse to acknowledge their own citizens) and has failed to attain success.

The situation has been exacerbated due to continued illegal immigration through the porous India-Bangladesh border with the help of agents and brokers but not enough deportations year-on-year.

Screengrab of the data on Bangladeshi nationals deported to their home country

For the unversed, there are more than 2 crore Bangladeshis living illegally in India (2016 data).

Following the undemocratic ouster of Sheikh Hasina and the hostile attitude of the Yunus-led interim government, the deportation protocol has been rendered useless by Bangladesh.

Forced by circumstances, the Indian government has now resorted to what is being unofficially referred to as ‘Operation Push-back.’

The Indian government has devised a new strategy to get rid of Bangladeshi infiltrators and Rohingyas who are caught red-handed at the Eastern border as well as living in India illegally for several years.

Instead of going through the hassle of handing them over to the police, registering a FIR, producing them before the court, continuing trials for years and then sending them back through established protocols, the Indian security forces are now increasingly pushing-back the infiltrators to the other side almost instantenously.

‘Operation Push-back’ has been in motion since April 2025. Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma was quoted as saying –

“Infiltration is a big issue. We have now decided we will not go through the legal process. Earlier, decision was to arrest a person and then bring him to the Indian legal system… Earlier also we used to arrest 1,000-1,500 foreigners…they must be sent to jail and then they are produced before a court of law. Now, we have decided that we will not bring them inside the country, we will push them. This pushing back is a new phenomenon. Every year, 5,000 people enter the country and because of pushback this number will become minimise now.”

In cases where Bangladeshis are nabbed from different cities of India (far from the Eastern borders), they are first flown to either Tripura, Assam or West Bengal and then pushed over to Bangladeshi side.

Several States in India including Rajasthan, Tripura and Odisha have stepped up the process of identification of illegal immigrants.

The impact of crackdown on infilitrators have been successful so much so that some Bangladeshis are now ‘voluntarily returning‘ to their home country.

The interim government of Bangladesh, led by ‘chief advisor’ Muhammad Yunus has been rattled by India’s paradigm shift in strategy at dealing with infiltrators.

On 8th May, his Foreign Minister wrote to India to raise concerns over ‘people being pushed into the country and urged New Delhi to adhere to established repatriation mechanisms.’

“For the sake of peace and stability along the Bangladesh–India border, such push-ins are unacceptable and should be avoided,” it claimed.

In the meantime, the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has set a 30-day deadline for verification of the credentials of illegal Bangladeshis and Rohingyas, following which they would deported (mostly through Operation Push-back).

Delhi: 4 illegal Bangladeshis arrested by anti-auto theft squad, Md Asad Ali and his family sent to deportation centre

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 In a major crackdown on illegal immigration, the Anti-Auto Theft Squad (AATS) of South West District Police has apprehended four Bangladeshi nationals residing unlawfully in the national capital for the past 12 years, officials said.

As per the officials, the accused have been identified as Mohd. Asad Ali (44), his wife Nasima Begum (40), and their children Mohd. Naim Khan (18) and Asha Moni (13), originally from Farooq Bazar Ajwatari, Phulbari Kurigram, Bangladesh.

Acting on a tip-off from a secret informer, the AATS team intercepted the suspects in the Delhi Cantt area.

During questioning, the individuals failed to produce any valid Indian identification and admitted to crossing into India illegally via the river route over a decade ago. Photocopies of Bangladeshi national ID cards were recovered from their possession, the officials said.

Following legal formalities and verification, the suspects were handed over to the Foreigners Regional Registration Office (FRRO) and later transferred to a deportation centre for repatriation.

A senior police official said, “This operation underscores our zero-tolerance policy towards illegal immigration. We remain committed to maintaining internal security and upholding the rule of law.”

Further investigation is currently underway.

In a similar case related to illegal immigration, Delhi Police Foreigners Cell, North-West District, recently apprehended nine Bangladeshi nationals residing unlawfully in India following a sustained and meticulous surveillance operation. During the raid, authorities recovered a smartphone equipped with the banned IMO application from their possession, Delhi police said.

“Delhi Police Foreigners Cell, North-West District, apprehended nine Bangladeshi nationals from Wazirpur JJ Colony residing illegally in India, within the jurisdiction of Bharat Nagar Police Station. One smartphone equipped with the banned IMO application was recovered from them,” Delhi police said.

Delhi Police further revealed that they had illegally crossed into India through the Cooch Behar border.

“All individuals have been handed over to Foreigners Regional Registration Office (FRRO), RK Puram, New Delhi, for further deportation proceedings. It was revealed that they had illegally crossed into India through the Cooch Behar border,” Delhi Police further added.

The arrested individuals were identified as Md. Saidul Islam (45), Nazma Begum (42), Nazmul Ali (23), Azina Begum (20), Apple Ali (19), Laden Ali (17), Idul Ali (8), Shaida Akhter (6), and Aryan Ali.

This operation aligns with ongoing efforts to curb illegal immigration and protect the region’s security and demographic balance. 

US lawmakers, Indian community leaders slam Mira Nair’s son Zohran Mamdani who has been spewing hate against PM Modi to cash on his ‘Gujarati Muslim’ identity in NYC mayoral race

New York City mayoral candidate and Democratic Socialist Zohran Mamdani is facing criticism after he labelled the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, a “war criminal” during a public forum held on 15th May (local time) by New York Focus. At the event, titled “New Mayor, New Media”, Mamdani compared Modi to Israeli PM Netanyahu, saying, “This is someone we should view in the same manner we do Benjamin Netanyahu. This is a war criminal.”

The remarks have sparked outrage among Indo-American leaders and community representatives as they accused Mamdani of promoting hate and deepening religious divides.

Mamdani, who is of Indian Muslim descent, is known for making derogatory remarks against Indian Hindu leaders, especially PM Modi. In 2020, he called Hindus associated with Modi’s party “fascists” and attacked fellow New York politicians Jenifer Rajkumar and Kevin Thomas for not denouncing Modi. At that time, Rajkumar responded strongly, calling Mamdani’s comments “extreme and divisive,” and urged voters to “reject hate, whether from the far left or far right.”

The question on PM Modi came when a journalist asked Mamdani if he would join the stage with PM Modi in case he became mayor and PM Modi held a rally in New York and asked for a joint press conference. Bluntly refusing to attend such a joint press conference, he invoked the Gujarat 2002 riots and said that his family comes from Gujarat in India and his family is Muslim, he is a Muslim.

He then continued to blame PM Modi for the riots and said, “Narendra Modi helped to orchestrate what was a mass slaughter of Muslims in Gujarat to the extent that we don’t even believe there are Gujarati Muslims anymore. And when I tell someone that I am, it’s a shock to them that that is even the case. And this is someone who we should view in the same manner that we do Benjamin Netanyahu. This is a war criminal.”

Mamdani, who is the son of filmmaker Mira Nair, did not do his homework, neither in the case of Gujarati Muslims nor in the case of the Gujarat riots. The Supreme Court has already given a clean chit to PM Modi in the riots and there was no evidence that could prove he was involved in orchestrating the riots. He also skipped the fact that the riots broke out after 59 Hindu karsewaks returning from Ayodhya were burnt alive in Godhra by a Muslim mob, a case in which several mobsters were convicted.

Furthermore, according to the 2011 census, the Muslim population in Gujarat stood at almost 10%, which must have increased in the past decade. Claiming that there are no Gujarati Muslims left is an absurd statement and deserves a strong opposition from the Indian High Commission in New York.

Jaspreet Singh, a Sikh Community Leader and human rights lawyer, criticised Mamdani and said, “Hate has no place in our city. We believe in equality, love and respect for all. We believe all are children of the same God. But Zohran has used his platform to amplify some of the worst anti-Hindu rhetoric imaginable. Words matter, and instead of uniting the Indian community, he seeks to divide us by religion, pitting Muslims and Hindus against each other. Associating Hindus with fascism and using derogatory words against them is highly objectionable.” He accused Mamdani of dehumanising the Hindu community and questioned if he is fit to serve the City Hall.

Mamdani and his long history of Hinduphobic comments

Notably, Mamdani has a history of targeting Hindus, which has drawn concerns within New York’s 250,000-strong Indo-American community, comprising mostly of Hindus. When Ram Mandir was being built in Ayodhya, he led a rally against it in 2020. While he was speaking at the rally, derogatory remarks against Hindus were being raised behind him. The rally was organised by Khalistani elements.

In 2023 as well, when PM Modi was scheduled to visit New York, he spewed venom against him accusing him for the 2002 Gujarat Riots.

Who is Zohran Mamdani?

Mamdani was born in Uganda to ‘filmmaker’ Mira Nair and ‘author’ Mahmood Mamdani. He is currently running as a mayoral candidate for New York City (NYC). The controversial Democrat is currently a member of the New York State Assembly. Mamdani is currently positioned 2nd in the race within the party. Despite his vicious record at peddling Hinduphobia and defaming India, our media ecosystem was yet again seen eulogising the American politician.

Zohran Mamdani and his brazen anti-Semitism

The reference to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu as a ‘war criminal’ in the same breath stems from his deep-seated anti-Semitism. Just 4 months earlier, Zohran Mamdani passed on signing a resolution ‘condemning the Holocaust.’

He also refused to sign a resolution, which recognised 77th anniversary of Israel. His innate hatred for Jews and Israel became crystal clear after he targeted Israel for responding to October 7 terror attack by Hamas.

He condemned Israel the day after October 7th, regularly gives interviews on unapologetic antisemitic platforms and just proudly accepted an endorsement from a disgraced former fire-alarm pulling Congressman who denied October 7th rapes before walking that back,” New York State Assembly member Sam Berger pointed out.

Mamdani’s persistent pattern of vilifying Hindus and Jews under the garb of political dissent has not only alienated large sections of New York’s diverse electorate but also raised serious questions about his suitability for public office. In a city built on pluralism, his brand of identity-driven politics, laced with half-truths and historical distortions, threatens to undo the very fabric of coexistence. The voters of New York will soon decide if such divisiveness deserves a place in City Hall.

‘Fund Kaveri Engine’ trends as India eyes self-reliance in aero engine technology: All you need to know about DRDO’s turbofan jet engine project

On 26th May, ‘Fund Kaveri Engine’ trended across social media platforms as citizens, defence experts and defence enthusiasts rallied behind India’s long-standing but underfunded indigenous jet engine project. The trend reflected public sentiment urging the Modi government to prioritise and accelerate the development of the Kaveri engine that has long symbolised India’s aspiration for self-reliance in military aviation technology.

Social media user Abhay wrote, “Nirmala Sitharaman ji, 18% ki Jagha 20% lelo Caramel popcorn pe but Kaveri Engine ko Fund kardo.”

X user Krishnan wrote, “Fund a flying test platform for the Kaveri.” Several of them posted Soviet-style posters.

Akshit urged PM Modi to fund Kaveri engine for nation interest.

Dharmic aeroplate v2 called for crowdfunding for the engine.

Even NDTV journalist and defence expert Shiv Aroor joined the campaign.

What is the Kaveri engine?

The Kaveri engine was conceived in the late 1980s. It is a turbofan jet engine project spearheaded by the Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE), a DRDO lab based in Bengaluru. Initially, it was developed to power the indigenously built Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas. However, it now seeks to reduce India’s dependence on foreign suppliers like GE Aerospace.

Though the Tejas Mk-1 ended up using GE’s F-404 engine, the Kaveri programme was never abandoned. Instead, it evolved with new objectives, including adaptation for India’s upcoming fifth-generation fighter aircraft, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA), and for powering unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs) and naval vessels.

The Kaveri is a two-spool bypass turbofan engine that features advanced technologies such as a full annular combustor, transonic compressors, and directionally solidified turbine blades. It has undergone over 3,000 hours of testing across various conditions, which includes successful trials at high altitudes and integration on marine platforms.

Recent upgrades include the use of single-crystal turbine blades, polymer matrix composites, and a redesigned fan for stealth aircraft compatibility, all aimed at improving thrust-to-weight ratio and thermal efficiency.

Why has the project been delayed?

There is no doubt that the Kaveri engine is a technologically promising project. However, it has faced significant delays and setbacks. One of the prime reasons is the complexity involved in ab initio development, with high-end disciplines including aerothermal dynamics, materials science, advanced metallurgy, and control systems. India had to build expertise from the ground up in these areas.

Apart from that, Western countries continuously denied access to critical technologies and materials, particularly single-crystal blade technology and high-performance superalloys, which slowed research and indigenous development.

There is also a shortage of skilled manpower and specialised infrastructure, which further hampered progress. India lacked sufficient high-altitude test facilities, which forced the developers to rely on foreign establishments such as Russia’s CIAM, introducing logistical hurdles and delays.

The project also suffered from unrealistic early expectations. The plan to power the Tejas fighter with Kaveri without first validating it on an intermediate platform was premature. The engine, in its early configuration, could only produce 70–75 kN of thrust, well below the 90–100 kN required for frontline fighter aircraft, leading to its decoupling from the Tejas programme and a redirection towards AMCA and UCAVs.

What further complicated the matter was the collapse of international collaboration. DRDO’s negotiations with France’s Snecma collapsed in 2013 after it became clear that the French engine maker was only willing to offer a partial solution by replacing Kaveri’s core with their existing Eco Core, rather than transferring the latest engine technologies in full. India found it unacceptable and remained firm on acquiring genuine, cutting-edge capabilities.

The project is, however, seeing renewed hope, thanks to newer components such as blisks, advanced coating, and an indigenous afterburner under joint development with BrahMos Aerospace. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh recently confirmed India is in talks with global firms like GE, Rolls-Royce, and Safran for partnerships to bridge capability gaps while retaining control of the Kaveri’s technological base.

India is racing to build fifth-generation aircraft, and the success of Kaveri is no longer just a symbol of prestige, but a strategic necessity. Netizens now want the project adequately funded, not forgotten. Not to forget, India is still in action mode amidst ongoing Operation Sindoor, a military action against Pakistan following the deadly Pahalgam terrorist attack. At such a time, Indians want indigenous technology to get priority so that the country does not depend on foreign suppliers in future.

It’s not like we will die of hunger if they refuse to negotiate with us: Iran dismisses US’s sanction threat, says it’s not worried

On 26th May, Iran rejected the prospect of halting its nuclear enrichment program as part of a possible nuclear deal with the United States. The current round of negotiations was described as “very good” by President Donald Trump. However, Masoud Pezeshkian, the president of Iran, asserted that Tehran can endure even if talks with the western power fail.

Foreign ministry spokesman Esmail Baghaei stated, “Enrichment is an inseparable part of Iran’s nuclear industry and must be maintained. We are in no way permitted to show even the slightest flexibility on this issue.” He refuted rumors that Iran could halt enrichment for three years in order to reach an agreement.

“Iran will never accept that. This information is a figment of the imagination and totally false. If there is goodwill from the American side, we are also optimistic, but if negotiations are aimed at curbing Iran’s rights, then talks will get nowhere,” he highlighted.

He stated that a sixth round of negotiations with Washington had not yet been scheduled. Baghaei’s comments follow Trump’s statement that recent negotiations with Iran had made “real progress” and that “some good news” might be on the horizon.

The discussions facilitated by Oman represent the most significant engagement between the two countries since the United States, under Trump’s initial term, withdrew from the pivotal 2015 nuclear agreement. Upon his return to the presidency, he has revitalized the “maximum pressure” campaign against Iran and has alerted Tehran to the possibility of military action if diplomatic negotiations fail.

Pezeshkian rejected Trump’s threats regarding debilitating sanctions. He stressed, “It’s not like we will die of hunger if they refuse to negotiate with us or impose sanctions. We will find a way to survive.” Tehran has been careful to keep a firm stance during the negotiations, keeping in mind domestic politics.

The sentiment expressed by Tehran after the latest negotiations differed significantly from the image conveyed in Washington. Trump stated on 25th May that the talks had been “very, very good” and that he would make a statement “over the next two days.” He alleged,”Very importantly, we had some very good talks with Iran yesterday and today, and let’s see what happens. But I think we could have some good news on the Iran front. We’ve had some real progress, serious progress.”

Trump declared that he hopes the diplomatic channels work, referring to his March warnings that there would be “bombing like they have never seen before” if a deal was not reached within a two-month window. “I’d love that to happen because I’d love to see no bombs dropped and a lot of people dead. I really would like to see that happen,” he further insisted.

Abbas Araghchi, the Iranian foreign minister, also mentioned a “sign of progress” following the fifth round of negotiations. The optimism contributed to the generation of media reports suggesting that a provisional agreement was under consideration as a preliminary step towards a final deal. However, Baghaei disregarded the likelihood of a temporary agreement.

Iran’s nuclear ambitions have been the subject of decades-long negotiations between Washington and Tehran and both countries have publicly taken an aggressive position on the matter of the Islamic Republic’s uranium enrichment. Trump seeks to limit Tehran’s ability to develop a nuclear weapon that could endanger Israel and start a regional nuclear arms race.

Iran, for its part, attempts to lift the crippling sanctions on its oil-based economy and insists that its nuclear program is only for civilian use. Last week, Iranian and American delegates concluded their fifth round of negotiations in Rome. Although there were few encouraging indications of some progress, there are still numerous issues that are difficult to resolve, most notably Iran’s nuclear enrichment.

Terror in Solapur: Hindu Women assaulted, molested, and threatened by Islamist mob over complaint against illegal pan shop

In a chilling display of lawlessness and communal intimidation, a Hindu locality in Solapur was gripped by terror as an Islamist mob launched a violent assault on residents, particularly targeting Hindu women, media reports said. The incident, which unfolded in the Punjab Talim area, has sparked outrage and fear across the state.

The violence reportedly stemmed from a dispute over an illegal paan shop being operated by local Muslims near Punjab Talim. Residents had previously raised concerns with authorities, alleging that the shop had become a hotspot for anti-social elements who frequently harassed passersby and especially misbehaved with women in the vicinity.

Rather than legal resolution, what followed was an act of vengeance. According to eyewitness accounts, a mob of hundreds of radicalized individuals descended upon the nearby Hindu housing society. Armed with sticks and swords, they forcibly entered homes, assaulted women, molested them, and issued chilling threats of rape, murder, and arson.

Local accounts claim that women were not only physically beaten but also subjected to lewd behavior and threats of being burnt alive. Vehicles were vandalized, and stones were hurled indiscriminately at houses. Shockingly, several residents allege that the police either arrived late or acted with visible bias, siding with the assailants rather than the victims.

“This was not just violence; it was a message,” said a resident, visibly shaken. “They wanted to instill fear—especially among Hindu women—using intimidation and brutality.”

While the incident has yet to receive the kind of widespread media attention such a grave episode warrants, social media is abuzz with videos and accounts from the ground, many of which point towards police inaction and deliberate targeting of Hindu community.

This is not an isolated case. Across parts of India, there is a growing pattern where communal provocation and violence often follow legitimate grievances raised by the Hindu community, particularly when it challenges illegal or disruptive activities allegedly carried out by some sections of the society that has ong

The Solapur violence stands as a stark reminder of the consequences of appeasement politics, unchecked radicalism, and broken law and order. In 2022, a man named Umesh Kolhe was murdered in broad daylight by Islamists reportedly for his support to Nupur Sharma, a former BJP spokesperson who was at the receiving end of Sar Tan Se Juda protests for her ‘audacity’ to quote from holiest Islamic scriptures.

If the state machinery fails to protect citizens in their own homes from sword-wielding mobs, it betrays the very idea of justice and civil order.

Indian Air Force celebrates 26 years of Operation Safed Sagar: Read how IAF flushed out Pakistani intruders during Kargil war

India’s military capabilities were showcased during “Operation Sindoor” on a global stage as the country dismantled critical terrorist infrastructure at nine sites in Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Kashmir after Pahalgam terror attack. While the nation continues to admire the success of the operation, the Indian Air Force (IAF) on 26th May commemorated the anniversary of “Operation Safed Sagar” which was executed during the 1999 Kargil war between India and Pakistan.

The Kargil war culminated in India’s triumph with the IAF playing a crucial part in this outcome. The IAF, while recounting the decisive action, noted that the operation was initiated to support ground forces as part of Operation Vijay. Its purpose was to drive out Pakistani regulars and intruders who had taken control of Indian positions along the Line of Control (LoC) in the Kargil sector

The IAF remarked, “This was the first large-scale use of air power in the Kashmir region since the 1971 Indo-Pak War.” It was a turning point in military aviation history since no air force had ever been envisioned to engage in such high-altitude precision operations in untamed mountainous terrain.

“Operation Safed Sagar,” according to the IAF, was groundbreaking in multiple ways, including the use of air power in extraordinary capacities, the demonstration of the value of sparingly deploying air assets in a localized conflict, and the dismantling of the long-held belief that the use of air power would inevitably transform into full-scale conflict.

The IAF pointed out that the mission illustrated the air force’s adaptability and determination while also confirming the efficiency of calibrated airstrikes as a deterrent, even in low-intensity warfare. It established that air power could significantly influence the outcome of a conflict without going beyond international borders.

The IAF also released the list of aircrafts that were used in the Kargil War against Pakistan during the operation. MiG-21s, MiG-29s, MiG-23s, MiG-27s, Jaguars, Mi-17 helicopters, Chetak helicopters and Mirage 2000s were among them.

Kargil War

The Kargil conflict began in 1999 when Pakistani terrorists and soldiers, as part of “Operation Badr” crossed the Line of Control and took control of key high-altitude positions on the Indian side in the Kargil region of Jammu and Kashmir. Their objective was to isolate Ladakh by severing the connection between Srinagar and Leh.

The initial infiltrations were detected in Kargil in early May 1999. It was customary for both sides to revert to forward positions in the spring after having vacated them due to the severe winter conditions prevalent in Kashmir. The Pakistani Army commenced the retaking of forward stations well ahead of the anticipated schedule, reoccupying 132 posts under Indian control in addition to their own as part of their preliminary effort to capture the valley.

The incursion was discovered by the second week of May when an Indian Army patrol in the Batalik sector was ambushed after receiving a warning from a local shepherd. Initially, the Indian forces in the area stated they would evict them in a few days but they had little idea of the extent or nature of the encroachment.

However, it swiftly became evident that the entire attack strategy was on a much larger scale after reports of infiltration surfaced further along the LoC. Afterward, India mobilized 200,000 troops under “Operation Vijay.” However, most fighting was at the regimental or battalion level due to the terrain which made it highly difficult to mount division and corps operations.

Two 20,000-strong Indian Army divisions, thousands of Indian Paramilitary Forces personnel, and the Air Force were placed in the region of conflict. The Indian Army advanced heavily into the area. Meanwhile, the invaders were discovered to be firmly entrenched. Artillery strikes had been successful in some locations, however, the Air Force was required to assist in more distant ones.

The Government of India (GoI) approved the limited use of air power on 25th May, over three weeks after the earliest reports in order to prevent the escalation. The IAF was not allowed to cross the Line of Control and its fighter jets were to stay on Indian soil and attack the position of the attacker.

Operation Safed Sagar

The code name “Operation Safed Sagar (White Ocean)” was assigned to the Indian Air Force’s joint action with the Indian Army during the Kargil war in 1999, which focused on expelling both regular and irregular elements of the Pakistani Army from abandoned Indian positions in the Kargil region along the Line of Control.

The whole region surrounding Kargil was characterized by hills and was difficult to access. Hence, it appeared as a vast expanse of white snow. This is the reason the operation was designated “Safed Sagar.” It was the first major application of air power in Jammu and Kashmir since the 1971 India-Pakistani War.

This also marked the first use of combat air power in mountain ranges exceeding an altitude of 15,000 feet. Initially, India was reluctant to deploy its air force along the Line of Control (LoC) because it would have exacerbated the conflict. However, the government ultimately approved the action once the magnitude of the Pakistani aggression was understood.

The mission was launched by the IAF on 26th May, just one day after the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) authorized the use of air power, with a specific condition. The air force was permitted to target the infiltrators but was expressly directed not to breach the Line of Control (LoC) to mitigate the risk of further escalation.

The air force was asked to maintain a 24-hour surveillance using radars. Moreover, they were instructed to operate in regions that were very difficult to access. The Pakistani army was completely involved in infiltration in these region and the Air Force was deployed to counter the same.

The toll of victory

The IAF commenced its operations by targeting enemy positions and supply routes. The strike was executed via MiG-21, MiG-27ML and MiG-23BN fighter aircrafts. During the early days, the IAF encountered challenges which resulted in the loss of two aircraft, a MiG-21 and a MiG-27 along with a Mi-17 helicopter. On 27th May, Flight Lieutenant Kambampati Nachiketa’s MiG-27 experienced mechanical failures. He had to eject the aircraft and was soon apprehended by Pakistani forces. He was subjected to torture for several days before his release.

Squadron Leader Ajay Ahuja was killed while attempting to find Nachiketa’s landing spot as the enemy shot down his MiG-21. His wife Alka Ahuja disclosed, “Ajay’s MiG-21 fighter was hit by a surface-to-air missile. He had ejected but was captured and tortured by the Pakistan authorities as the postmortem, which was conducted at the Srinagar Base Hospital, revealed,” reported The Times of India.

He received Vir Chakra posthumously for his extraordinary bravery in attempting to save a fellow officer. On 28th May Sergeant PVNR Prasad, Sergeant RK Sahu, Squadron Leader R Pundir and Flight Lieutenant S Muhilan were assigned to fly as a Nubra formation to attack enemy positions at Tololing. Unfortunately, the Stinger Missile struck their helicopter, killing the four valiant soliders.

The adversary suffered massive fatalities as a result of the rocket attack carried out by the four-aircraft formation which was led by Wing Commander Anil Kumar Sinha. The airstrikes on a number of strategic targets helped India win the war. “The air strike on a major supply dump at Muntho Dalo broke the enemy’s back,” revealed retired Air Chief Marshal AY Tipnis in Force Magazine.

The enemy’s shelters were destroyed along with a “huge loss of supplies” and an estimated 100 deaths were reported. The air force’s Tiger Hill missions are likewise impressive. The adversary was attacked by the IAF with laser-guided bombs (LGBs).

“The photograph of the laser designator’s cross on Tiger Hill and the laser bomb hitting the hill-top gives a very vivid impression of what Operation Safed Sagar entailed: Peak of IAF’s professional elan,” he expressed. On 11th July the Indian troops successfully recaptured the Tiger Hills in Kargil.

Operation Safed Sagar’s significance

The unique task of carrying out pinpoint hits in rough and high-altitude terrain where thin air and erratic winds presented serious operational constraints set “Safed Sagar” apart from other such operations. The IAF found new benchmarks for mountain warfare aviation by operating at elevations above 16,000 feet which is often close to the aircraft’s performance limits.

Several factors made it a historic event in military aviation history. It was one of the first times when a minimal amount of air power worked effectively in a confined combat without turning into a full-scale confrontation. It eliminated long-standing strategic reluctance to use air power during border conflicts. The targeted attacks remained inside international borders, proving India’s tactical efficacy and strategic prudence. The operation pushed the limits of India’s air combat capabilities by utilizing night operations and laser-guided bombs.

Furthermore, the air force greatly aided the army. They were responsible for moving soldiers from one location to another and for supplying essential materials. The IAF also assisted in the collection of intelligence on enemy activities which was instrumental in identifying the precise locations of the foes.

During the operation, the Indian Air Force conducted 550 strike missions, 150 reconnaissance missions and over 500 escort flights. The operation was completed on 12th July as India effectively reclaimed all of the seized territories by 26th July. Pakistan withdrew its troops at the end of the war in response to intense international pressure, particularly from the United States.

Resignation drama, blaming India and creating hysteria about ‘war-like situation’: How Muhammad Yunus is making a last-ditch effort to hold onto power in Bangladesh

The ‘chief advisor’ to the interim government of Bangladesh, Muhammad Yunus, has finally run his course. In a last-ditch effort to save his throne, the controversial US asset is resorting to blame game, creating mass hysteria and even threatening resignation.

After a drama that unfolded on Thursday (22nd May) about the possibility of Yunus’ resignation, the nation’s focus shifted swiftly from the growing discontenment and facade of unelected, ‘democratic’ governance.

Student activists attempted to woo him at his residence, others demanded his elevation to the post of President. Opposition Bangladesh Nationalist Party claimed it never asked Yunus to vacate his position.

To top it all, prominent Bangladeshi newspaper ‘The Daily Star’ made a heartfelt appeal to the ‘chief advisor’ against considering resignation. Of course, Muhammad Yunus ‘relented‘ and decided against ‘abandoning’ his responsibilities.

“We’re not going anywhere until our job is done. The chief adviser will be with us. He has not said he will resign. The other advisers are also staying. We have been given responsibilities, and we are here to fulfill them,” information adviser Wahiduddin Mahmud clarified.

Yunus banks on anti-India rhetoric yet again

On Sunday (25th May), Muhammad Yunus attempted to whip up anti-India sentiments in the country so as to distract the public from his incompetency and failure to restore democracy and electoral reforms in Bangladesh.

Through one of his stooges, Mahmudur Rahman Manna (Nagorik Oikya party President), Yunus sent out a message that Bangladesh was faced with a ‘major crisis due to Indian hegemony’.

“The chief adviser stated that the country is in a major crisis due to Indian hegemony. He believes that the entire nation needs to remain united in response. He (Yunus) started the discussion by saying that we are in a deep crisis. By crisis, he meant the conspiracy of Indian hegemony,” Manna remarked.

He quoted Muhammad Yunus as saying, “Indian hegemony does not want to accept this change in our country at all. If they could, they would destroy us in a single day, and they are doing everything necessary to that end. That’s what he said.”

OpIndia had previously explained the rationale behind the continued hostility and war-of-words against India.

Given that India is a perceived as a ‘Hindu nation’ by Bangladeshi Muslims, Yunus set out to antagonise the neighbouring country as well and capitalise on his growing anti-Indian sentiment in the country.

He first attempted to ban the export of Hilsa fish to India but it was in vain. He then strategically downplayed the crucial role played by India in the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War by distorting textbooks.

Yunus remained tight-lipped when officials, appointed by him, issued threats to India. In October 2024, Law adviser Asif Nazrul in Bangladesh’s interim government warned that if India tried to refuse the extradition of Sheikh Hasina, the country would launch a “strong protest.”

Sarjis Alam, a so-called ‘student activist’, issued veiled threats to Indian Prime Minsiter Modi. And yet again, Yunus maintained strategic silence. His own ‘adviser’ Mahfuz Alam threatened to annex parts of India.

Former Director General of the Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB), A.L.M. Fazlur Rahman, had also threatened to occupy the 7 States of North-East India in case of war with Pakistan. He is a close aide of Muhammad Yunus.

Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) commander Lt. Col Golam Kibria also issued threats to India’s Border Security Force (BSF). The interim government maintained stoic silence yet again.

Yunus went on a trip to China and urged the expansonist nation to use the 7 sisters of India as an extension of its economy.

Muhammad Yunus claims ‘war-like situation’ in Bangladesh

Besides anti-India rhetoric, threats of resignation amid protests by National Citizen Party (formed by students) and the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), Muhammad Yunus has resorted to creating mass hysteria among the public.

He had alleged that Bangladesh had been in a state of war ever since he gutted democracy by banning Awami League, the prominent political party of the country once headed by now-ousted Sheikh Hasina, in May 2025.

A war-like situation emerged both inside and outside the country, preventing us from moving forward, causing everything to collapse, and pushing us back into subservience,” the Press Secretary of Muhammad Yunus quoted as saying.

The excuse of ‘war-like situation’ is now used by the controversial US asset, who came to power in Bangladesh through a well co-ordinated regime change operation, to hold his position as the de-facto leader of the country.

Yunus met representatives from all other political parties, including the Jamaat-e-Islami, and go all onboard to support his unelected regime for the time being amid this ‘war-like situation.’

The ‘chief advisor’ to the interim government, who was previously rattled by growing discontenment from all sections of the society, has finally found some respite.

“Since the Awami League’s activities were banned [on May 12], there have been relentless efforts to destabilise the situation. We must protect ourselves from this,” Yunus said.

Mujahidul Islam Selim, the ex-president of the Communist Party of Bangladesh, even remarked, “The election can take place after making the necessary reforms and the interim government can leave fundamental issues to the people. Unnecessary delays can further worsen the already unstable situation.”

With renewed promises of systemic reforms, putting Awami League leaders on trial for alleged ‘crimes’ and conducting a nationwide free and fair election, Yunus has been able to buy himself some additional time.

Earlier, the Bangladesh Army Chief General, Waker-Uz-Zaman, had directed Muhammad Yunus to hold elections by December 2025 under any circumstances. 

But the shrewd, cunning ‘chief advisor’ has been able to circumvent the threat of Army by getting all political parties on board (atleast for the time being).

Muhammad Yunus tired to appease Islamic extremists

Bangladesh witnessed a drastic rise in Islamism after Yunus came to power. He first revoked the ban on the radical Islamist outfit ‘Jamaat-e-Islami.’

Thereafter, he released the leader of the radical outfit ‘Ansarullah Bangla Team (ABT)’ Muhammad Jasimuddin Rahmani.

At the same time, Muhammad Yunus downplayed the targeted attacks on the Hindu community by violent Muslim mobs. He has gone on record from lamenting about attacks on Hindus to saying that the claims of atrocities are ‘exaggerated‘.

In that way, the controversial US asset was able to placate Islamic extremists. Given that Awami Legaue was against Islamism, the interim government first banned its student wing ‘Chhatra League,’ and then the parent party.

Under the watch of Muhammad Yunus, Bangladesh saw a drastic rise in vigilante Muslim mobs, which unleashed violence under the pretext of protecting the tenets of Islam.

These mobs were largely unorganised and called themselves ‘Tawhidi Janata (meaning Revolutionary People).’ They came under the spotlight over acts of vandalism and harassment of people.

The Yunus regime introduced new textbooks for primary and secondary students, which falsely claimed that the first declaration of independence of Bangladesh was made by Ziaur Rehman (a favourite icon of Muslim hardliners in Bangladesh).

The interim government also appointed a Hizb ut-Tahrir terrorist named Mohammad Azaz as the administrator for the Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC).

The situation had become so grim that Bangladeshi ambassador to Morocco Mohammad Harun Al Rashid was forced to slam the Muhammad Yunus-led interim government in a scathing Facebook post in March this year.

Parody PM of parody nation: Pakistan PM Shehbaz Sharif gifts 2019 Chinese drill image as memento for ‘Op Bunyan’, leaves netizens in splits

Ever since the Pahalgam terror attack and India’s powerful response under Operation Sindoor, Pakistan has gone into full-blown damage control mode—not on the battlefield, but on social media. With its military bruised and global perception dented, Islamabad has ramped up a barrage of propaganda to paint a picture of success. But now, it’s resorting to outright fiction.

In its latest stunt, Pakistan Army Chief Asim Munir posed alongside Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, proudly holding a framed image supposedly capturing a Pakistani military strike—part of what they’ve dubbed “Operation Bunyan”. The catch? The photo is not Pakistani at all. It’s a doctored image from a 2019 Chinese military drill, showing PHL-03 multiple rocket launchers in action.

The photo was presented during a lavish dinner hosted by Munir on May 24, just a day after he was controversially elevated to the title of Field Marshal. The event saw the who’s who of Pakistan’s power corridors—President Asif Ali Zardari, PM Shehbaz, Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar, and military top brass—clapping along to what was essentially a staged piece of military fan fiction.

But the internet wasn’t buying it.

Netizens were quick to unmask the lie. One user mocked, “The army that can’t even take original photos of its own ops wants us to believe in its ‘victory’?”

Another wrote, “I don’t think they know anything about Google Image Search.”

This isn’t a one-off. State-backed Pakistani media outlets have previously used video game clips and old war documentaries, falsely labeling them as real-time visuals from Pakistani military actions against India.

During the height of Operation Sindoor, pro-Pakistani handles even claimed Delhi Airport had been hit by a missile. That “evidence”? A clip from a gas station explosion in Aden, Yemen, back in August 2024—swiftly debunked by India’s PIB Fact Check. Pakistan Air Force spokesperson Aurangzeb Ahmed lean on English, ‘centre of gravity’ phrase precisely, to hoodwink the Pakistani public and masking the military’s utter failure to prevent airstrikes by India.

Another viral claim suggested Bathinda Airfield had been “wiped out”—yet the airfield remained fully operational, with zero damage reported.

From fake images to false flags, Pakistan’s propaganda war seems more about fooling itself than the world. And with every Photoshop fail and video game clip exposed, the credibility of Islamabad’s narrative nosedives even further.