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‘Savarna marriages and movements are inherently narcissistic and anti democratic’: Meet the Ambedkarite dean at Galgotias casting an entire community as flawed

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Galgotias University recently faced scrutiny after a robotic dog was showcased in a manner that suggested it was developed at the university. Subsequent reports stated that the device was a China manufactured product. The university later clarified that it had not claimed to have developed the robot and described the backlash as propaganda against it.

However, there is enough evidence that Professor Neha Singh of the university categorically claimed that the robodog was built at the university. While Professor Neha and others from the university claimed they never said the robodog was made on campus, the matter escalated to a level that, according to sources, they were asked to step away from participation in the government organised AI Impact Summit 2026.

As the university came under scrutiny, its professors and deans from other departments are also facing examination. One such professor linked to the university is Professor Ravikant Kisana. Though he is currently serving as Dean of the School of Liberal Education and Languages at the university, the controversy around Galgotias has triggered a wider examination of the intellectual climate within the institution and the ideological positions of its faculty.

The dean who wrote ‘Meet the Savarnas’

Prof Ravikant Kisana publicly identifies as an Ambedkarite and OBC intellectual. He authored the 2025 book ‘Meet the Savarnas: Indian Millennials Whose Mediocrity Broke Everything’ and wrote a series of articles examining what he termed “Savarna culture”.

Source: X

In the prologue of his book, he described elite savarnas as people “who critique everyone and everything but never themselves.” This was not presented as a critique of certain individuals or institutional behaviours. It was framed as a defining trait of a broad caste category.

Two lines from the book became especially controversial on social media are “Savarna marriages are inherently narcissistic” and “Savarna movements are inherently anti-democratic.”

The use of the word “inherently” was striking. It suggested that narcissism and anti-democratic tendencies were intrinsic to marriages and movements of a particular caste group, not contingent on context, ideology or circumstance. Such framing moved beyond structural critique into essentialist characterisation.

When social analysis attributes moral or psychological qualities to an entire community, it risks replicating the very logic of collective judgement it claims to oppose.

From privilege analysis to civilisational indictment

The subtitle of the book itself declared that Savarna millennials’ “mediocrity broke everything.” In later chapters, Kisana wrote that Savarnas “inherited institutions and shrank them.” He portrayed Savarna dominance as responsible for stagnation in politics, academia, corporate life and civil society.

He repeatedly used the metaphor of a “glass floor” to argue that Savarnas remained structurally insulated even when they experienced anxiety. While examining structural privilege is a legitimate exercise, his language often implied that Savarna insecurity was exaggerated theatre rather than genuine experience.

The critique did not remain confined to institutional power structures. It extended into psychological terrain. Savarnas were portrayed as incapable of self-reflection, morally insulated and structurally resistant to democracy.

Structural inequality deserves serious scrutiny. But when an argument assigns inherent moral deficiency to a broad category of people, it invites the same kind of collective stereotyping that modern constitutional frameworks seek to transcend.

‘Shaadi like a Savarna’ and cultural disdain

In his article “Shaadi Like a Savarna”, Kisana examined elite weddings and described them as “the ultimate barometer for a deeply conservative and exclusionary Savarna social order.” He wrote that such weddings were performances of “power, pride and vanity” and suggested that even self-described progressive Savarna youth ultimately reverted to Brahmanical conservatism at the altar.

He contrasted these weddings with Satyashodhak marriages and framed Savarna cultural practices as hollow spectacle masking regressive caste mandates.

Critiquing caste endogamy and ritual hierarchy has been happening for a long time. However, describing the wedding culture of millions as intrinsically narcissistic and exclusionary did not distinguish between variation, reformist strands or changing social patterns. It treated an entire community’s cultural practices as fundamentally suspect.

Selective moral indictment of majority cultural expressions, while presenting others as inherently emancipatory, risks substituting one form of hierarchy for another.

‘Laughing like a Savarna’ and the morality of humour

In “Laughing Like a Savarna”, Kisana argued that Savarna humour historically relied on humiliating working class Bahujans. He described working class characters in Savarna comedy as treated like “humanoid appliances” and referred to what he called a “myth of eternal victimhood” embedded in Brahmanism.

The essay examined real problems in casteist humour. Yet it framed Savarna audiences collectively as participants in dehumanisation. The line between criticising harmful jokes and attributing moral corruption to an entire social group grew thin.

Humour that punches down deserves criticism. But describing a whole community’s comic culture as structurally rooted in humiliation risks flattening diversity within that community and overlooking internal dissent.

‘Dating like a Savarna’ and the psychology of purity

In “Dating Like a Savarna”, Kisana argued that caste mediated intimacy and desire in urban India. He described Savarna dating culture as a “secret language of aesthetics” and suggested that caste purity norms shaped even sexual behaviour. He wrote about what he termed the “glorification of Savarna semen” within Brahmanical discourse and argued that Savarna men occupied the apex of a social hierarchy in romantic spaces.

The essay claimed that there have been incidents of caste prejudice in relationships, including references to slurs and discriminatory behaviour. However, the broader framing again attributed structural psychological tendencies to Savarna individuals as a category.

When isolated instances of prejudice are presented as reflections of inherent collective psychology, the analysis shifts from examining discrimination to essentialising identity. If Kisana is to be believed, only Savarnas object to inter-caste marriages or relationships, which is an absolutely wrong notion.

The MBA critique and sweeping intellectual dismissal

In “A Long Overdue Love Letter to the Mediocrity of the Millennial Savarna MBAs and their Feckless Technobabble”, Kisana described millennial Savarna managers as “gormless” and “dull-witted” and accused them of bludgeoning public life with “aggressive loaded technobabble.”

He portrayed management education as “Brahmanised” and suggested that corporate stagnation in India stemmed from Savarna dominance. The language attributed intellectual mediocrity to a caste category rather than analysing specific policy failures or economic trends. Sweeping generalisation can energise polemic writing. It rarely strengthens scholarly rigour.

His position on UGC equity regulations

Kisana also strongly supported the UGC Promotion of Equity in Higher Education Institutions Regulations, which were later put on hold by the Supreme Court.

In a post on X dated 25th January 2026, he described opposition to the regulations as “absolutely shameful outrage.”

On 27th January 2026, he wrote that it was “interesting to see Savarna media amplifying” criticism and compared it to Mandal era protests.

In another post, he suggested that if SC, ST and OBC communities began mobilising, the situation could become “explosive quickly.”

In an article responding to the Supreme Court’s stay, he described Savarna protests as “virulent overreaction” and referred to “Savarna exceptionalism.”

Concerns raised about the regulations included questions of procedural balance, safeguards against misuse, and whether excluding general category students from the ambit of discrimination created asymmetry in protection. These concerns were dismissed by Kisana as caste-driven anxiety.

Debates on equity regulations must be calibrated between protecting vulnerable communities and ensuring due process. However, Kisana framed all apprehensions as reactionary backlash, downplaying the genuine concerns regarding the guidelines.

The responsibility of academic leadership

As Dean of the School of Liberal Education and Languages, Kisana shapes academic discourse and influences generations of students. Universities are expected to foster critical thinking and constitutional equality. When a senior academic repeatedly described marriages as “inherently narcissistic” and movements as “inherently anti-democratic” based on caste identity, questions naturally arose about the implications of such framing in classrooms.

While critique of caste hierarchy is an acceptable notion across sections of society in India, critique that essentialises rather than contextualises risks creating new binaries. One simply cannot continue to claim oppression and categorically sideline a community; otherwise, society cannot move forward with equality.

The controversy around Galgotias has brought attention to ideological positions that are shaping academic environments within the university. While Kisana’s ideological stance is being debated, what is undeniable is that his language in his books, as well as his articles and social media posts, is categorical, sweeping and deeply polarising.

India needs to move beyond inherited divisions, and to do so, the weight lies on the shoulders of academic leaders. It cannot be achieved if professors like Kisana continue to fill young minds with divisive ideologies.

NGT clears the Great Nicobar Project: Read how Congress has been opposing the mega project crucial for India

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has cleared the Centre’s ambitious Great Nicobar mega infrastructure project, saying that there is no “good ground” to interfere with the environmental clearance granted in 2022. The project, which is estimated to cost over ₹90,000 crore, was challenged by several petitioners who questioned its environmental impact.

A six-member special bench headed by NGT Chairperson Justice Prakash Shrivastava has held that the environmental clearance (EC) is adequate. The tribunal has also noted that a High-Powered Committee (HPC), formed as per the NGT’s directions in 2023 to re-examine some concerns, has already dealt with the remaining issues.

The NGT has made it clear that there should be “full and strict compliance” with the EC conditions while implementing the project.

The tribunal also rejected a set of petitions, including those filed by environmentalist Ashish Kothari, which had raised concerns about violations of the Island Coastal Regulation Zone (ICRZ) Notification, 2019.

The Petitioners had argued that nearly 700 hectares of the proposed site fell within restricted ICRZ zones. However, the HPC headed by former Environment Secretary Leena Nandan concluded that no part of the core project area falls within no-development zones. The NGT accepted these findings.

The bench also recorded the Centre’s submission that parts of the port infrastructure earlier shown under CRZ 1A and 1B in the draft master plan would be removed in the revised plan. It further directed the Environment Ministry to ensure that construction does not cause shoreline erosion or damage sandy beaches used by turtles and birds for nesting.

Specific protection measures for species such as the leatherback sea turtle, Nicobar megapode, saltwater crocodile, robber crab and Nicobar macaque were also noted in the order. The tribunal cited inputs from the Zoological Survey of India, which said there are no coral reefs in the core site and that any scattered coral formations would be scientifically translocated.

What is the Great Nicobar Project?

The mega project is planned near Galathea Bay on Great Nicobar Island and spans around 166 sq km. It involves the diversion of nearly 130 sq km of forest land and the felling of close to one million trees. The proposal includes an international container transhipment terminal, a dual-use civil and military airport, an integrated township and a 450-MVA gas- and solar-based power plant.

According to a pre-feasibility report prepared in March 2021, the project aims to boost India’s strategic presence in the Indian Ocean Region and strengthen national security. The NGT order also referred to the island’s location in the broader context of China’s “string of pearls” strategy and India’s “Act East” policy, noting that the Indian Ocean has become a key zone of strategic competition.

Great Nicobar lies along a major east–west shipping route and is almost equally distant from Colombo, Port Klang and Singapore. At present, around 25% of India’s cargo is transshipped through foreign ports, with Colombo alone handling nearly 40% of India’s transhipment traffic.

The government argues that the Galathea Bay port, with its natural depth of 18-20 metres, can reduce this dependence and save thousands of crores annually in port revenue and related economic activity.

The project is planned in four phases. Phase 1 is targeted for completion by 2028 and is expected to handle 4 million TEUs. By 2058, the capacity is projected to reach 16 million TEUs.

BJP attacks Congress after NGT order

Soon after the NGT verdict, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) stepped up its criticism of the Congress leadership. Union Coal and Mines Minister G Kishan Reddy called the tribunal’s decision a “victory of truth” and accused Sonia Gandhi and Rahul Gandhi of trying to stall a project of strategic and economic importance.

Reddy said India’s heavy dependence on foreign ports highlights the need for a domestic transhipment hub. He claimed that efforts to block the project had failed once again after the NGT’s ruling.

Sonia Gandhi’s criticism of the Project

Congress leader Sonia Gandhi has been one of the strongest critics of the Great Nicobar Project. In an editorial titled “The making of an ecological disaster in the Nicobar,” she described the project as a “totally misplaced ₹72,000 crore expenditure” and claimed that it could pose an “existential danger” to indigenous communities such as the Nicobarese and Shompen tribes.

She accused the government of ignoring tribal rights and weakening legal safeguards. Gandhi also questioned the process followed for environmental and social impact assessments and criticised compensatory afforestation measures.

Her article argued that the project threatens one of the world’s most unique ecosystems and could cause long-term damage to flora and fauna.

The larger strategic debate

Supporters of the project say that the criticism overlooks the strategic and economic aspects. They point out that India currently depends on foreign ports like Colombo, Singapore and Port Klang for a significant portion of its cargo movement. With China having a strong presence in the region, including operating a terminal at Colombo, the government views the Great Nicobar project as vital for reducing strategic vulnerabilities.

The Centre has also said that development zones have been carefully marked to minimise impact on tribal settlements and that all legal processes, including multiple reviews by expert bodies and the NGT, have been followed.

With the NGT’s latest order, the path is now clear for the project to move ahead, subject to strict compliance with environmental conditions. The debate, however, continues between those who see it as a major step for India’s maritime strength and those who fear long-term ecological consequences.

18 crore devotees, 1.2 lakh jobs, over 400 crores in tax revenue: Read how Ram Mandir is transforming Ayodhya into a global pilgrimage site, changing people’s lives

On 5th August 2020, Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone of Ram Janmbhoomi Mandir and the grand opening took place on 22nd January 2024. This significant occasion not only revitalised India’s cultural consciousness but also positioned Ayodhya as a prominent economic centre, transcending its previous identity as solely a religious area. Its development is attributed to the key initiatives taken by the government of India and the Yogi Adityanath government of Uttar Pradesh.

For centuries, Indian temples have served not only as centres of faith but have extensively contributed to the improvement of the local economy, job creation and infrastructure growth. Pilgrimage destinations such as Tirupati, Vaishno Devi and Shirdi exemplify this as well. Now, Ayodhya is continuing this legacy by emerging as a new paradigm for the integration of modern progress and cultural heritage.

Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Lucknow, released a report entitled “The Economic Renaissance of Ayodhya, India: A Case Study on Sri Ram Mandir” which details how the holy site has transformed the economy of Ayodhya.

What is the size of India’s temple economy

The temple economy encompasses all economic activities tied to temples, including visits by devotees for darshan, pilgrimage tourism, temple administration, prasad, floral garlands, accommodations, transportation and various other services. In ancient times, when local economies were predominant, temples created jobs and business opportunities for the surrounding communities. Pilgrimages generated jobs for shopkeepers, artisans, priests, guides and numerous other workers.

Varanasi, Madurai, Pushkar, Ujjain and others illustrate the same. These cities are distinguished not by major industries but by their popular temples and pilgrimage locations. The economy surrounding these temples has supported these cities for centuries. Ancient Indian texts emphasise that temples should be involved in social and economic ventures that benefit all segments of society, particularly the marginalised and foster balanced development.

According to estimates from the State Bank of India (SBI) and many economic analysts, India’s temple economy contributes roughly ₹3.02 lakh crore to ₹6 lakh crore each year. This accounts for about 2.3% to 3% of the nation’s total Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Similarly, Ram Mandir is playing a vital role in influencing Ayodhya’s economy, positioning the city among the foremost pilgrimage sites globally.

The Ram Janmbhoomi Teerth Kshetra Trust has contributed nearly ₹400 crore in taxes to the government from 5th February 2020 to 5th February 2025. This total includes ₹270 crore in GST (Goods and Services Tax) and ₹130 crore in other taxes. The government is projected to receive around ₹400 crore in GST from the temple.

Growing economic impact due to crores of devotees

The economic influence has surged dramatically since the opening of the temple in Ayodhya. Religious tourism has provided an extraordinary boost to the transportation, hotel, food, trade and donation sectors. The report from IIM Lucknow indicated that 13.77 crore devotees visited Ayodhya between January and September 2024, with an estimated total of ₹16-18 crore by the end of the year.

On the other hand, the Vatican in Italy welcomes roughly 0.9 crore visitors each year, whereas Mecca, the most sacred pilgrimage site for Muslims, witnesses nearly 2 crore people. Ayodhya is likewise set to exceed many other religious places and become a notable pilgrimage destination, expected to generate over 100 billion rupees in tourism revenue annually by 2025-26.

The analysis conducted by the SBI suggested that the economic impact of pilgrimage and linked activities in Ayodhya alone is projected to surpass ₹4 lakh crore in the fiscal year 2024. This highlighted that the temple is yielding substantial economic advantages from the influx of devotees, including services such as tourism, hospitality, retail and transportation.

The temple’s popularity became apparent as donations surpassed ₹3 crore in a single day after the consecration ceremony. This pointed out that there is a substantial economic impact associated with the faith of the devotees. The Uttar Pradesh government is estimated to receive an additional ₹25,000 crore in tax revenue during the fiscal year 2025. This amount consists of GST and other taxes. As a result, the state’s earnings from temples and tourism are also increasing which can be utilised for developmental projects.

Ayodhya is undergoing a swift development in the hotel and lodge sector. More than 150 hotels and lodges either have been completed or are at various stages of construction. Prominent hotel brands like Taj Hotels, Radisson and OYO are also pushing their presence there. The average hotel occupancy ranges from 60% to 70% throughout the year. During festivals and special events, this percentage soars to 100%, outlining the non-availability of rooms.

Additionally, international food chains such as Domino’s and Pizza Hut have opened outlets in Ayodhya. This development is creating new job opportunities for locals and enhancing the city’s economy.

Historic surge in employment and real estate

According to reports, the construction of the temple has directly provided jobs to more than 1,000 individuals connected to the Ram Janmbhoomi Teerth Kshetra Trust. This conveyed that over a thousand persons are consistently engaged in the management, security, administration and other functions of the temple.

The situation was even better during the construction phase when mre than 50,000 labourers participated in the temple’s construction at different stages. This workforce included masons, engineers, stone carvers, transport personnel and others. This development raised the income levels of several families.

There was a massive spike in both direct and indirect employment following the completion of the temple. Approximately 1.2 lakh new jobs were generated, involving both direct and indirect roles. These positions surfaced in various sectors, including hospitality and tourism, handicrafts and the trade of religious items, local transport and tour guiding services. Many people found new jobs or more sources of income across different sectors.

Land values also experienced a dramatic hike as the prices fluctuated between ₹400 and ₹800 per square foot before 2020. However, these prices escalated to between ₹4,000 and ₹10,000 per square foot by 2024. This marked an almost tenfold increase within a mere four years. Consequently, Ayodhya has become an attractive destination for investors.

Shopkeepers offering religious products have experienced a notable uptick in sales. Specifically, the Geographical Indication (GI)-tagged gram flour laddu producers and local craft artisans have witnessed a remarkable boost in their earnings. The demand for these items is also growing with the rising number of pilgrims.

Several small vendors reported earnings exceeding ₹5 lakh in 2024, marking a substantial improvement compared to previous years. Additionally, new markets, shopping centres and malls are being built which is anticipated to further improve employment and business prospects in the coming years.

Road, Rail, Airport: Ayodhya’s infrastructure focus

The government has announced an investment of over ₹85,000 crore as part of the Ayodhya Master Plan 2031, aimed at transforming Ayodhya into a contemporary and world-class spiritual city. The objective extends beyond merely enhancing the temple area and encompasses the comprehensive development of the entire area in a structured manner to provide improved facilities for the increasing population and pilgrims in the near future.

The plan prioritises the construction of new roads, the enhancement of drainage systems, the implementation of smart traffic management systems, the creation of modern bus terminals and parking zones alongside the expansion of urban amenities. Ayodhya is being developed as a well-organised and clean city. The infrastructure for roads, airports and railway stations has also been upgraded.

The Maharishi Valmiki International Airport which commenced operations in December 2023 has significantly improved Ayodhya’s connectivity. It accommodated over 11 million passengers in FY (fiscal year) 2025, marking a 423% increase from previous years. This indicated that a substantial number of individuals from both India and abroad can now access Ayodhya directly. The future plans include expanding its capacity to accommodate 100 million passengers annually.

Furthermore, the Ayodhya Dham Junction railway station has undergone renovations and now features an impressive design, upgraded waiting areas, escalators, elevators and modern facilities. Similarly, new expressways and broader roads have linked Ayodhya with Lucknow, Varanasi, Prayagraj and Gorakhpur. This development has shortened travel times and boosted trade as well as logistics operations.

Ayodhya: Before 2021 and in 2025

The contrast between Ayodhya before 2021 and in 2025 is evident. The city had just 500 e-rickshaws prior to 2021, which surged to 17,000 by 2025, signifying a remarkable enhancement in mobility. The hotel sector has undergone a substantial change with the number of hotels, including five-star establishments, rising from 20 to 200 by 2025. Banking services have expanded from 15 to 60 branch offices, reflecting an increase in economic activity and investment.

The number of electronics stores has grown from 108 to 401. The number of petrol and CNG pumps has risen from under 50 to over 75, indicating the growth of vehicles and transportation. The count of street vendors has also escalated from 500 to nearly 2,000, demonstrating a fourfold increase in small enterprises and self-employment. In summary, Ayodhya in 2025 appeared to be far more dynamic, highly commercial and progressing at a significantly faster pace than it was in 2021.

The development of Ayodhya is now impacting not only the city but also the neighbouring districts. Economic activities have surged in Faizabad, Basti, Sultanpur, Amethi, Lucknow and Gorakhpur. There is a noticeable increase in the number of hotels, guest houses and dharamshalas in these regions. Furthermore, logistics hubs and transportation services have seen significant expansion.

These economic developments clearly indicate that the Modi and Yogi governments are not merely focused on constructing the Ram Mandir, instead, the two are working towards the development of Ayodhya as part of a larger vision. They are striving to ensure that Ayodhya is termed as one of the premier locations on the world map as a major pilgrimage sites.

Read the report in Hindi here.

Galgotias University plays victim card, claims ‘negative propaganda’ after Chinese robot dog fiasco: Read how they are lying

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On the intervening night of 17 February and 18 February, Galgotias University played the victim card, claiming a “negative propaganda campaign” against it after facing backlash over showcasing a Chinese robot dog as part of its AI ecosystem at the AI Impact Summit 2026. However, its own earlier statements, a now-deleted DD India video, and a press release distributed by the university via NewsVoir tell a very different story.

The ‘negative propaganda’ post and sudden denial

In its latest press release, the university stated, “We at Galgotias, faculty and students, are deeply pained by the propaganda campaign against our university.”

It claimed that the robotic programming initiative was simply about giving students exposure to AI using “globally available tools and resources” and warned that “spreading negativity can harm the morale of students”.

In an earlier clarification issued the same evening, Galgotias asserted, “Let us be clear Galgotias has not built this robodog, neither have we claimed.” It described the Unitree robodog as a learning tool and insisted that the university never presented it as an indigenous development.

The university claimed that it never “claimed” to have built the robodog. The problem is that the public record says otherwise.

What DD India showed before deleting the video

In a now-deleted DD India video from the AI Impact Summit 2026 at Bharat Mandapam, Professor Neha Singh of Galgotias University was seen stating that the robotic dog was developed by the “Centre of Excellence” at the university. A clip of the deleted video is being widely shared on social media.

The original clip was aired and widely circulated before it was quietly deleted. The presentation at the summit projected the robodog not merely as a purchased device, but as part of the university’s own development ecosystem.

In the deleted DD News video, at 50 seconds, Professor Neha Singh asks the journalist to meet the robot dog Orion, and says, “This has been developed at the centre of excellence at Galgotias University.”

Rs 350 crore AI ecosystem and the ORION rebranding

Interestingly, the university’s own press release, distributed by NewsVoir, adds to the contradiction. Under the headline, “Galgotias University Pavilion Emerges as a Key Attraction at AI Impact Summit 2026 with Rs. 350+ Crore AI Showcase”, the university claimed to have presented a “comprehensive Rs. 350+ crore Artificial Intelligence ecosystem”.

A “major crowd puller” at the pavilion, the release said, was ORION, Operational Robotic Intelligence Node, which “interacted live with delegates and demonstrated applied robotics and intelligent systems integration”.

The Chinese Unitree robodog was thus rebranded as ORION and showcased as part of the university’s AI driven Centres of Excellence and infrastructure. What makes the situation worse is that the Unitree branding was reportedly still visible on the robot. In other words, the product was renamed without even removing the original manufacturer’s markings.

Government handles share DD News coverage of Galgotias’ false claim

The controversy escalated further when government social media handles shared videos that included the robodog. The amplification by government social media handles lent official weight to the impression that an Indian university had developed an advanced robotic platform as part of its Rs. 350+ crore AI investment push.

After the false claims of Galgotias University were busted on social media, the government handles have taken down the posts too. Overall, the University seems to have taken everyone, including the DD News journalist and organisers of the event, for a ride.

Playing innocent after projection

There is no disputing the fact that universities import global technologies for learning. Galgotias itself wrote that “innovation knows no borders” and that students must be exposed to cutting edge tools. However, the issue is not procurement but projection.

At a major international summit, the Chinese robot by Unitree was renamed ORION, showcased as an indigenously developed product under a Rs. 350+ crore AI ecosystem banner, attributed to a Centre of Excellence, amplified by national media, and circulated by government handles. After that, to call criticism “negative propaganda” and claim that no such assertion was ever made stretches credibility.

Embarrassingly, Chinese handles have also picked up the incident and flagging how the University told blatant lies.

The drone soccer

Another claim that Galgotias University’s professor Neha Singh made while talking to DD News was about drone soccer. It is basically a drone fitted inside a ball.

She claimed, “From its end to end engineering to its application, everything has happened at the university. And this is India’s first drone soccer arena which you will get to see on the Galgotias campus. Here, students play games inside this arena. They fly it, enhance their flying skills, and are developing it further in new ways, making it stronger and adding more enhanced features.”

However, social media users pointed out that the drone is strikingly similar to the Striker V3 ARF soccer drone sold by Skyball. It is used in drone games and is available for US$453.

Source: Skyball

Conclusion

The controversy is not about students learning from global technology or about universities procuring foreign hardware for academic use. The core issue is the manner in which the products were projected at the global platform as genuine innovation and subsequently defended when questioned. The university tried to give the impression that it had developed advanced technologies in house, which was not true. When scrutiny followed, the narrative shifted to denial and allegations of propaganda.

Tribal villages can bar entry of missionaries: Read how SC rejected Colin Gonsalves’ plea and upheld Chhattisgarh HC’s stand amid rampant forced conversions

There is no alternative way to express the acute plague of religious conversion that has invaded the country. Even the most remote areas are not immune to the deceptive enticements of Christian missionaries who employ various tactics to compel the people to forsake their indigenous beliefs in favour of a foreign faith.

Hence, some tribal villages of Chhattisgarh, weary of this malicious agenda, resorted to enforcing restrictions on the entry of these missionaries and pastors. Notably, the issue was initially brought before the Chhattisgarh High Court and subsequently to the Supreme Court. However, both courts dismissed the petition by Digbal Tandi from the Kanker district, challenging the imposed restrictions.

The matter stemmed after resolutions were adopted by Gram Sabhas and hoardings were placed in Scheduled Areas warning against the activities of religious conversion. The decision was made by 8 tribal villages of the Kanker district, including Habechur, Musurputta, Sulagi, Parvi, Junwani, Ghota, Ghotiya and Kudal. The locals set up boards that conveyed that the Panchayat Extension to Scheduled Areas Act barred the arrival of Christian priests and pastors.

The Supreme Court effectively stands with the high court’s order

On 16th February (Monday), a bench of Justices Vikram Nath and Justice Sandeep Mehta refused to overrule the Chhattisgarh High Court’s judgement, which had made specific observations regarding conversions carried out through coercion and deceit, as well as their effects on social harmony, along with tribal cultural identity.

Tandi was represented by senior counsel Colin Gonsalves, who alleged that the high court passed general and unfavourable statements about Christian missionary work without any supporting documentation. He insisted that the high court’s remarks on conversions were outside the purview of the petition, and the subject at hand was also limited.

According to Gonsalves, the apex court is currently considering a case involving more than “700 assaults” on pastors during prayer sessions. Additionally, he cited cases in which tribals who embraced Christianity were supposedly refused the right to be buried in their hamlets.

Gonsalves then pointed to another case and contended that the bodies of converted tribal individuals laid to rest in villages were being unearthed. He added that throughout the previous ten years, not a single conviction had occurred under the state’s conversion law. “You can’t stop me from doing my Sunday prayer meeting and the high court says it’s not unconstitutional,” he stated, claiming wider ramifications because of its comments.

On the other hand, Solicitor General Tushar Mehta, who argued on behalf of the Chhattisgarh government, retorted that several submissions made before the bench were not included in the initial pleadings heard by the high court. He highlighted that the high court’s case was limited to the removal of hoardings and the petitioners had been instructed to contact the relevant Gram Sabhas.

The bench noted that the writ petition before the high court was strictly focused and concurred with the state’s stance. “Gonsalves, please see the writ petition before the high court and the relief claimed. You have been asked to go to the Gram Sabhas,” the justices pronounced. The Supreme Court firmly sided with the high court’s verdict and rejected the plea.

Chhattisgarh HC ruled in support of protecting the interests of indigenous tribes

On 28th October (Tuesday) of last year, the Chhattisgarh High Court refused to stop the residents of the 8 villages from erecting hoardings to stop forcible or fraudulent conversions. A bench of Chief Justice Ramesh Sinha and Justice Bibhu Datta Guru decided that hanging signs warning tribal members against illicit conversions cannot be considered unlawful.

They turned down the petition that called for the hoardings to be taken down in the name of discrimination against Christian pastors and converts by banning their admission into the communities. Tandi accused the Christian community and its religious leaders of being separated from the rest of the population.

Furthermore, the plea charged that the Panchayat Department directed the Zila and Janpad panchayats alongside the Gram panchayat to introduce a resolution labelled “Hamari Parampara Hamari Virasat (Our tradition, our heritage)” that blocked pastors and converted Christians from the village.

“No material has been placed on record to indicate that the circular authorises discrimination against any religious group,” the court countered. It similarly declared that nothing in the hoardings could be construed as discriminatory against Christians and only excluded specific pastors from entering if they planned to host religious conversion events.

The court concluded that neither the hoardings nor the Panchayat Department circular included any indications of bias against the Christian community and observed, “The hoardings appear to have been installed by the concerned Gram Sabhas as a precautionary measure to protect the interests of indigenous tribes and local cultural heritage.”

It ordered the petitioner to first exhaust all other legislative remedies, as he had not used any of them before approaching the court. “A party must firstly exhaust the statutory alternative remedy available before approaching the high court seeking redressal of any grievance,” the bench mentioned.

The judges outline how poor SC/ST people are trapped, leading to “cultural coercion” through conversion

The judges recognised that extensive religious conversions undermine social cohesion and compromise the traditional character of tribals. They explained that missionary organisations have been evangelising and pushing unbelievers to become Christians under the guise of social assistance.

The court remarked, “Missionary activity in India dates back to the colonial period, when Christian organisations established schools, hospitals and welfare institutions. Initially, these efforts were directed at social upliftment, literacy and health care.”

“However, over time, some missionary groups began using these platforms as avenues for proselytisation. Among economically and socially deprived sections, especially the Scheduled Tribes and the Scheduled Castes, this led to a gradual religious conversion under the promise of better livelihoods, education, or equality,” it highlighted.

The court emphasised how the conversions of the poor and illiterate cause division in tribal groups and are tantamount to “cultural coercion.” It noted, “In remote tribal belts, missionaries are often accused of targeting illiterate and impoverished families, offering them monetary aid, free education, medical care, or employment in exchange for conversion. Such practices distort the spirit of voluntary faith and amount to cultural coercion.”

The bench conveyed, “This process has also led to deep social divisions within tribal communities, distancing them from traditional rituals and communal festivals. As a result, villages become polarised, leading to tension, social boycotts and sometimes even violent clashes.”

Religious freedom is not absolute, and it does not allow targeting of the vulnerable populace

The court clarified that religious freedom as guaranteed by Article 25 of the Constitution is not unqualified and is governed by morals, public order and health. It underscored that anti-conversion laws have been imposed by multiple state governments because the right is vulnerable to abuse.

“India’s secular fabric thrives on coexistence and respect for diversity. Religious conversion, when voluntary and spiritual, is a legitimate exercise of conscience. However, when it becomes a calculated act of exploitation disguised as charity, it undermines both faith and freedom,” the judges expressed.

“The so-called ‘conversions by inducement’ by certain missionary groups is not merely a religious concern. It is a social menace that threatens the unity and cultural continuity of India’s indigenous communities. The remedy lies not in intolerance, but in ensuring that faith remains a matter of conviction, not compulsion,” they added.

Chhattisgarh continues to grapple with rampant Christian conversion

India is currently tackling the sensitive issue of forced conversions, whether under the pretext of love jihad or through the inducements offered by Christian missionaries in various regions of India, and Chhattisgarh is not exempt from this challenge. Christian missionaries have been regularly involved in unauthorised endeavours in the state, pressurising people to embrace their religion.

A similar case was launched after a prayer meeting in a village under the jurisdiction of the Katghora police station in the Korba district of Chhattisgarh in December 2025. The gathering, which was organised by Christian community members in an open field, targeted sick and impoverished people, childless couples, sparking complaints from the locals and police intervention.

According to locals, several outsiders joined the conference and focused on vulnerable groups in society, such as the sick, childless couples and low-income families. They mentioned that it was announced that prayers could cure illnesses and eliminate suffering. The attendees were encouraged and asked to convert for spiritual healing.

Last November, another episode of illegal conversion surfaced when some Hindu women and children were discovered participating in a Christian prayer within a home in the Chilhati village near the Sarkanda police station in the Bilaspur district of the state. Afterwards, Hindu activists rushed there with a loudspeaker to warn people of the Christian prayer meet. According to Kanhaiya Sahu, a member of a Hindu outfit, he was informed that a residence on the village’s Shandi Mandir road was utilised to seduce Hindus to become Christians.

It was then reported that there have been over 38 such incidents in many places, including Civil Lines, Sarkanda, Koni, Sakri, Torwa, Masturi, Sipat and Pachpedi, over the past six months. Two distinct cases of religious conversion were previously filed in the Sarkanda and Pachpedi police station regions on 12th November.

Moreover, a new trend of religious conversion came to light in different regions of Chhattisgarh a month earlier, where female preachers, commonly known as “lady missionaries,” offer a sympathetic ear to widows, daily wage workers and economically disadvantaged women before inviting them to “Changai Sabhas” (healing prayer gatherings) and promising to alleviate their problems.

According to investigations, women and young girls, including 3 to 14 years of age, are convinced to become Christians during these events through spiritual rites and emotional appeals. They are gently exposed to church operations and repeatedly indoctrinated that prayer is the only way to end their pain.

Women are invited to fill out forms at the churches, promising to regularly attend Sunday prayers and to trust that God is going to take care of their health issues and other struggles. The preachers then attribute any improvement in health to “the Lord’s blessings,” even though contemporary medications are frequently employed in these situations.

The majority of these converts do not legally assume Christian names or become nuns; rather, they remain in their communities with their previous Hindu names and identities while clandestinely promoting the religion. Thus, they can stay out of the public eye and continue to exploit government privileges like caste-based reservations.

A June report from that year unveiled that there has been a significant shift in the religious makeup of the residents in numerous districts of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Rajasthan, especially in tribal areas, during the past few decades. The figures even indicated an increase by 41% in several districts.

The infected lesion of Christian conversion

The aforesaid occurrences do not even begin to address the extent of the conversion racket, which is outlined by The Joshua Project, a Christian conversion “research” program. It boasted of converting 24 lakh individuals each year in 2024. The group is behind a conversion network in Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Odisha and Chhattisgarh, reaching 60 million individuals in its extensive campaign.

The outrageous claims made by these missionaries or pastors might appear humorous and offer ample content for meme creators on social media, however, the reality is that their actions carry grave consequences on the ground, affecting not only the Hindu demographic and infringing upon the rights of the SC/ST communities through Dalit conversions but also posing a glaring threat to national security, as was recently witnessed in Rajasthan.

German couple, Swain Boz Bet Jaler and Sandra, as well as others, were arrested for manipulating people to become Christians by tempting them with money in the Sri Ganganagar district. An unlicensed church was running in a rental home with the assistance of foreigners in the city that borders Pakistan. Derogatory remarks were also made about Hindu gurus and deities in an attempt to push people towards Christianity.

Most importantly, the couple travelled to the Majhiwala border, which prompted a security alert in the area to counter any unfortunate incident. Sri Karanpur is a sensitive region where strict regulations control the movement of foreign nationals. However, the duo entered there without permission and secretly organised a religious gathering.

Is it feasible for a vulnerable nation such as India, which is destined to share borders with hostile adversaries like Pakistan, to allow such individuals within its territory, thereby jeopardising national security and endangering the lives of thousands of people?

Can “religious liberity”, which has been repeatedly defined as not absolute by not only high courts but also the apex court, and certainly does not involve conversion, be permitted to risk national security? Additionally, how can the same be limited to Christians who wish to convert, while Hindus who are simply trying to resist are overlooked?

These elements, despite their faults, should not be exposed to violence, but why is a peaceful hoarding being contested following the high court judgement? The fact was also pointed out by the Solicitor General. It only provides a legitimate warning to undesirable entities that might disturb the harmony in their regions. In what way is that controversial, or should Christian missionaries be awarded the ultimate freedom to instigate even more disorder and unrest in Indian society?

Conclusion

If persuading others to abandon their beliefs via financial incentives and bogus promises only to convert to Christianity is marketed as “religious freedom,” then the impacted parties likewise possess the right to devise their own methods to safeguard themselves from this threat. There cannot be any ambiguity regarding this.

The assertion of segregation or isolation presented in such cases is equally hollow. Isn’t the segregation already evident both in name and spirit once a person decides to sever ties with the faith and culture that linked them to the mainstream? Why strive to masquerade as part of a community that has already been relinquished? Or the underlying motive is to turn even the furthest corner into a deracinated centre where people only seem native on the surface while everything else has been washed away in the tide of an Abrahamic faith?

1 year of the BJP govt in Delhi: A governance shift from AAP’s subsidy politics to structural development

Recently, the BJP government in Delhi under CM Rekha Gupta completed its first year in office, marking an important milestone that naturally invites public evaluation of its governance and delivery. Over the past few days, the Aam Aadmi Party and its social media ecosystem have launched a political offensive, trying to portray the current administration as ineffective and lacking in delivery. This coordinated attack, echoed by party workers, aims to change the public image of the BJP’s governance in a relatively short time. However, such assertions call for an objective analysis of the AAP’s own performance since it took power in February 2015 with a historic mandate of 67 out of 70 seats, one of the most decisive electoral victories in Delhi’s political history. 

Back in 2015, AAP presented itself as a transformative political force promising corruption-free governance, administrative transparency, and systemic reform. Its first year was widely promoted through campaigns such as #1YearofHonestPolitics and “Ek saal Bemisaal”, projecting an image of clean and effective governance. Aside from Political campaigning, the period was characterised by significant subsidy expansion, institutional tensions, internal party revolt, administrative disturbances, and a number of controversies that gained widespread notice. As political narratives resume dominance in public discourse following the BJP government’s one-year anniversary, it is critical to examine the AAP’s own first-year governance record in order to distinguish between political projection and administrative reality.

Subsidy-driven governance model of AAP

After assuming office in February 2015, one of the first major decisions was to implement large-scale consumer subsidies to fulfil electoral promises. The AAP government introduced free water of up to 20,000 litres per household per month and free electricity of up to 200 units, along with a 50% subsidy for 201-400 units.

These initiatives provided immediate financial relief to consumers and became integral to the party’s governance model and electoral discourse. However, the fiscal implications of these initiatives were immediate and significant. Delhi’s subsidy expenditure increased by more than 600%, from Rs. 1,554.72 crore in 2014-15 to Rs.10,995.34 crore in 2024-25. The power subsidy increased from Rs. 291.94 crore in 2014-15 to Rs. 1,442.76 crore within a year of the AAP taking office, and then to Rs. 3,600.50 crore. Similarly, subsidy support for the Delhi Jal Board increased from Rs. 20.83 crore to Rs. 500 crore during the same period.

The rapid development mirrored a governance style that relied on recurring subsidies rather than structural reforms of public utilities, posing long-term questions about fiscal sustainability and institutional financial stability. These types of governance are comparable to a glittering facade, visually appealing and politically lucrative in the short term, but structurally weak, with long-term implications for budgetary health and governing ability.

Administrative failures and governance crisis

Along with the implementation of a subsidy-driven model, the Aam Aadmi Party government’s first year was marked by significant administrative disruptions and governance issues. One of the most obvious crises was the sanitation workers’ strike. In April 2015, sanitation workers across East and North Delhi went on strike due to unpaid salaries. The strike lasted nearly two weeks, resulting in significant garbage piling up across roads, residential colonies and public areas. It raised concerns about the health emergency. Although the Delhi government approved a loan of ₹551 crore to municipal organisations, the crisis highlighted deficiencies in financial planning and administrative cooperation. The severity of the problem became known when the Delhi High Court intervened, forcing the Delhi government to release adequate funds to pay sanitation workers’ salary arrears. The court cautioned that the continuous disruption of rubbish collection services could lead to an epidemic. After this intervention, the Lt Governor approved releasing ₹493 crore to municipal corporations to fix the situation.

The Kejriwal government’s first year was also marked by a protected institutional conflict with the Lieutenant Governor’s office and the central government over administrative power and appointments. These disputes developed over fundamental governance issues, including the selection of the chief secretary, control of the Anti-Corruption Bureau, and administrative authority over top officials. These disagreements resulted in a series of high-profile episodes, including police action against AAP MPs and a CBI raid on the Chief Minister’s Principal Secretary’s office in December 2015. Such developments created an atmosphere in which governance and administrative functioning were frequently eclipsed by political and institutional conflict, raising concerns about the government’s stability and effective policy implementation during its critical first year.

Controversies and credibility questions 

The Aam Aadmi Party rose to power on the promise of clean governance and ethical political behaviour. However, its first year was marked by several controversies and allegations involving senior leaders and government officials. It raised serious concerns about trustworthiness and internal accountability. In June 2015, Delhi Police arrested then law minister Jitendar Singh Tomar on allegations of owning a forged degree. The episode forced his departure and showed the reality of an anti-corruption government whose whole narrative was to remove the corrupt politician. Eventually, it became the same part of the system, or even the worst, which gave hope to people of Delhi. 

In April 2025, another incident occurred, which drew nationwide attention when farmer Gajendra Singh died by suicide during an AAP rally in Delhi. And the most shocking part was the continuation of the political rally even as the incident unfolded, attracting widespread criticism and raising concerns about leadership response and political sensitivity during a human tragedy.

Simultaneously, the government faced a major internal political crisis when founding members Yogendra Yadav and Prashant Bhushan were expelled from the party after questioning the leadership’s functioning. Both accused Kejriwal of running the party undemocratically. “AAP is now run by a Khaap (panchayat). “All dreams of a movement have been shattered by a small coterie and a dictator,” Prashant Bhushan said, which is how the party and government were completely ruled by a single man under the name of a democratic setup. It exposed the project’s internal instability and contradicted its image of transparent, principled governance.

Policy announcements and limited structural impact

During its first year, the Aam Aadmi Party government implemented a number of policy measures and initiatives billed as governance improvements. Among the most visible was the Odd-Even vehicle rationing programme, which was adopted in January 2016 as an experimental solution to combat Delhi’s chronic air pollution and traffic congestion. According to the detailed study analysing pollution data across multiple locations in Delhi, including Punjabi Bagh, RK Puram, Anand Vihar, Mandir Marg, NSIT Dwarka, and Shadipur, the scheme had an inconsistent and limited impact on overall pollution levels.

Importantly, the most harmful pollutants, PM2.5 and PM10, remained significantly above both national and World Health Organisation safety limits during the Odd-Even period. In several areas, including NSIT Dwarka and Mandir Marg, pollution levels either showed negligible improvement or increased during the implementation period. The study concluded that vehicular restrictions alone could not substantially reduce pollution, as major contributing factors such as construction dust, industrial emissions, waste burning, and cross-border pollution remained unaddressed.

In addition to the Odd-Even scheme, the government launched initiatives such as an anti-corruption helpline, approval of e-rickshaw licences, regularisation of unauthorised colonies, and restrictions on slum demolitions. While these measures were presented as governance reforms, their structural impact during the initial year remained limited. The approach adopted by the AAP government was short-term interventions rather than structural reforms. Their aim was never to sustainably grow the country’s capital, but rather to provide a short-term solution for themselves as heroic figures before the Delhi people.

BJP Government’s first year: Governance and structural initiatives

Recently, the BJP government under CM Rekha Gupta completed its first year in office in Delhi. Its governance approach reflected a shift towards administrative execution, infrastructure development, and structural civic management. Unlike the previous government, which focused on subsidies and announcement-driven measures. The first year of the BJP government was focused on the longstanding issues such as waste management, urban infrastructure, pollution control and institutional coordination. In the initial phase, the government’s efforts focused on improving infrastructure, strengthening civic services, and implementing rules to support long-term urban management.

Yamuna cleaning and sewage infrastructure changes

Rekha Gupta’s government started a structured plan to address sewage discharges and river pollution. It focuses on long-term infrastructure solutions. The government launched plans to connect 20 major drains to sewage treatment plants (STPs), which will help prevent untreated sewage from entering the Yamuna. New STPs are constructed while existing plants are being upgraded to improve the treatment capacity and compliance. Additionally, the government has launched a large-scale sewer connectivity programme. Under the programme, 13000 sewer connections in slum areas and approximately 2.5 lakh connections in residential colonies are targeted for untreated domestic sewage discharge. River rejuvenation operations include clearing encroachments and restoring almost 1,600 hectares of the Yamuna floodplain through plantation and ecological restoration projects. A dedicated special task force has been established, with a clear deadline to achieve quantifiable progress in river cleaning through structural interventions. 

Public transport expansion and electric bus infrastructure

Under CM Gupta, the BJP government has promoted the growth and expansion of Delhi’s public transport fleet. Primarily, it focused on electric buses to reduce pollution and improve operational efficiency. Over 500 new buses have been added, bringing the total number of electric buses to more than 4,000. Now, Delhi has one of the largest electric bus networks. The government aims to increase these numbers to 7500 buses by 2026 and 14000 electric buses by 2028. New interstate electric bus lines, such as the Delhi-Panipat corridor, have been introduced to promote regional connectivity. The expansion is part of a larger effort to update public transportation infrastructure, reduce vehicle emissions, and increase accessibility.

Healthcare infrastructure expansion through Ayushman Arogya Mandirs

The BJP government has built 319 Ayushman Arogya Mandirs across Delhi to improve primary healthcare infrastructure, with a long-term goal of establishing 1,100 centres serving every Assembly constituency. Outpatient care, diagnostic testing, medication distribution, immunisation, maternal healthcare, and preventive services are all included in the comprehensive healthcare services offered by these centres.

These centres are built as permanent infrastructure connected to national healthcare systems such as Ayushman Bharat and digital health records, in contrast to temporary or portable healthcare facilities. Through the expansion of institutional infrastructure, the emphasis has been on enhancing healthcare coverage, service quality, and accessibility.

Landfill clearance acceleration and Waste Management

The government has increased landfill remediation efforts by appointing additional biomining agencies and increasing waste processing capacity from approximately 15,000 tonnes per day to 25,000 tonnes per day. At the Okhla landfill site, over 56 lakh metric tonnes of legacy waste have been processed, reducing landfill height significantly and reclaiming more than 30 acres of land. Fresh garbage dumping at certain landfill sites has been stopped to enable permanent remediation. Phase-II and Phase-III biomining operations have been launched, supported by dedicated funding and infrastructure expansion. The government has set a long-term target to eliminate landfill sites by 2028.

Power infrastructure modernisation and underground cabling

The BJP government under CM Gupta has initiated large-scale underground cabling projects to modernise Delhi’s electricity infrastructure and improve safety. A pilot underground cabling project has been launched in Shalimar Bagh, replacing overhead wires with underground networks. The government has allocated ₹100 crore for the phased expansion of underground cabling and approved a ₹463 crore project covering 125 colonies.

Long-term infrastructure modernisation plans worth approximately ₹17,000 crore include underground cable expansion, grid strengthening, and installation of modern monitoring systems. The objective is to improve reliability, safety, and the quality of urban infrastructure by reducing reliance on overhead power distribution

Direct comparison: Governance models and administrative outcomes

The governance approaches reveal fundamentally different administrative goals and governance models. The Aam Aadmi Party government’s first year was marked by subsidy-driven policies, political controversies, and institutional confrontation. While these actions provide immediate political visibility and short-term public relief, they do not address the structural challenges faced by Delhi’s people. 

In contrast, the BJP government’s first year has focused on structural governance interventions, infrastructure expansion, and institutional execution. Initiatives such as sewer connectivity expansion, accelerated landfill remediation, underground power cabling, healthcare infrastructure development, and public transport modernisation reflect a governance approach centred on long-term capacity building rather than short-term policy announcements.

While subsidies primarily redistribute financial resources, infrastructure investments create long-term public assets that improve governance efficiency, environmental sustainability, and urban functionality. Structural measures such as waste-processing infrastructure, sewage-treatment expansion, and power-network modernisation directly address the root causes of urban governance challenges.

The contrast between the two governance approaches highlights the difference between consumption-driven governance and structural governance. The AAP governance got immediate political visibility, while the BJP governance focuses on long-term administrative capability and infrastructure development.

Conclusion: Governance beyond political narrative

The completion of one year of the BJP government in Delhi has triggered political debate and competing narratives. However, governance must ultimately be assessed not through political messaging but through administrative record and structural outcomes. The first year of the Aam Aadmi Party government in 2015–16 was marked by subsidy expansion, internal instability, institutional confrontation, and limited structural reform. In contrast, the BJP government’s first year reflects a governance approach focused on infrastructure development, institutional execution, and long-term urban management.

Urban governance requires sustained structural investment in infrastructure, environmental management, and public service delivery. While political narratives may shift with time, administrative outcomes remain measurable and consequential. The long-term impact of governance is determined not by announcements or short-term relief measures, but by the strength of institutions, infrastructure, and structural reforms implemented during a government’s tenure.

As Delhi continues to face complex urban challenges, governance effectiveness will ultimately be judged by the ability to deliver lasting structural improvements rather than temporary political visibility.

Muhammad Yunus and the ‘seven sisters’ dog whistle: How Bangladesh’s outgoing chief rekindled tensions with India and whitewashed attacks on Hindus

Muhammad Yunus did not step down quietly after the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) swept the elections. Instead of using his farewell address to heal wounds left by an unstable 18-month interim regime, Yunus chose to project defiance outward, most conspicuously at India with his reference to the ‘seven sisters‘ while carefully sidestepping uncomfortable questions about his own failures at home.

Facing sustained criticism for failing to restore democratic normalcy and for presiding over a period marked by repeated attacks on Hindu minorities, Yunus used his final speech less as an exercise in accountability and more as a political counter-offensive wrapped in nationalist rhetoric.

Nationalism for export, evasion at home

Yunus headed the interim government in the aftermath of Sheikh Hasina’s ouster in August 2024, at a time when Bangladesh was already grappling with institutional decay, political uncertainty, and a serious breakdown in law and order. The post-uprising period saw targeted violence against Hindu minorities, temple vandalism, intimidation of minorities, and the emboldening of Islamist radical groups across several districts.

Yet in his farewell address, Yunus offered no introspection. There was no acknowledgement of the fear among Hindu citizens, no admission of administrative lapses, and no recognition of the interim regime’s selective enforcement of law. Instead, he painted his tenure as a triumphant story of reform, boasting of restored “sovereignty, national interest, and dignity,” and declaring that Bangladesh was “no longer submissive or guided by others’ directives.”

The subtext was obvious. This was not aimed at an abstract global audience. It was aimed squarely at New Delhi.

The “Seven Sisters” dog whistle

The political signalling became unmistakable when Yunus spoke of future economic integration involving Nepal, Bhutan, and the “Seven Sisters”, a term commonly used for India’s northeastern states, without once naming India.

“Our open seas are not just borders; they are gateways to the global economy. With Nepal, Bhutan, and the Seven Sisters, this region has immense economic potential,” Yunus said, sketching a vision of Bangladesh as the hub of a new sub-regional economic space.

This was not diplomatic clumsiness. It was semantic engineering with a purpose.

By grouping India’s northeastern states, an integral, non-negotiable part of the Indian Union, alongside sovereign countries, Yunus blurred established political boundaries. The implication was subtle but loaded: the Northeast was being framed not as an internal part of India, but as a separate economic and geopolitical unit that could be reorganised around Bangladesh’s ports and maritime access.

For New Delhi, this is not an academic concern. For years, India has invested heavily in connectivity and infrastructure through Bangladesh precisely to integrate the Northeast more firmly with the rest of the country. Yunus’s formulation tries to invert that narrative, implying that the region’s future access and opportunities would increasingly depend on Dhaka’s strategic choices rather than Indian planning.

In a region with a long history of insurgency, external interference, and separatist propaganda, such language is not neutral. It functions as a dog whistle to old balkanisation narratives, whether Yunus admits it or not.

The China card and “strategic balance”

Yunus then doubled down by foregrounding “strategic balance” and highlighting deeper ties with China, as well as with Japan, the US, and Europe. He specifically cited progress on Chinese-backed projects such as the Teesta River initiative, located uncomfortably close to India’s strategically vital Siliguri corridor, and a major hospital project in Nilphamari.

Rather than reassuring regional partners, Yunus seemed intent on signalling that Bangladesh would no longer prioritise Indian security sensitivities. The message was clear: Dhaka under his stewardship had options, and Beijing was a central one.

This is a familiar script across South Asia. “Multi-alignment” and “strategic balance” often translate into inviting Chinese capital and influence into geopolitically sensitive spaces, using it as leverage against neighbouring countries. When paired with ambiguous rhetoric about India’s Northeast, the pattern becomes hard to ignore: dilute India’s centrality, normalise China’s presence, and dress it up as sovereign assertion.

The military undertone

Yunus’s reference to military modernisation and the need to strengthen Bangladesh’s armed forces to “counter any aggression” added another hard edge to his speech. The phrase was vague, but in the context of his broader sovereignty narrative and pointed regional references, it was clearly not accidental.

For a departing interim head to inject such language into a farewell address is less about defence policy and more about strategic posturing.

What Yunus didn’t say

Perhaps the most telling aspect of the speech was what it omitted.

There was no reckoning with the interim government’s failure to reassure minorities. No acknowledgement of the repeated attacks on Hindus. No admission that the state response was often slow, selective, or politically constrained. No reflection on the core promise of the interim setup: to restore democratic confidence and basic security for all citizens.

Instead, Yunus chose to shift the spotlight outward, toward grand regional visions, foreign policy bravado, and carefully curated defiance of India. In one instance, Yunus even downplayed the systematic targeting of Hindus in Bangladesh, stating that those incidents were criminal in nature and not communal. By defending such incidents, Yunus was sending a message to the rioters: come what may, he will continue to shield them, and attacks on Hindus can go unabated.

A parting shot, not a statesman’s exit

Having resigned after the BNP’s electoral victory, Yunus could have used his final address to lower temperatures and ease the path for a diplomatic reset between Dhaka and New Delhi. Instead, he chose to leave behind a narrative landmine, one that reframes India’s Northeast, elevates China’s role, and entrenches suspicion in bilateral ties.

Yunus’ farewell reads less like a unifying closing chapter and more like a defensive political statement shaped by domestic pressure and criticism. By dodging accountability at home and flirting with geopolitical provocation abroad, Muhammad Yunus exits office, leaving behind not clarity, but unanswered questions, about democracy, minority protection, and the wisdom of playing semantic and strategic games in a region where history shows that words can have very real consequences.

Because no amount of rhetorical “sovereignty” or “strategic balance” can change a basic fact: India’s Northeast is India, and treating it otherwise is not diplomacy, it is destabilising posturing. And it will have deep geopolitical repercussions, something which Yunus possibly wants the incoming BNP to face after Bangladesh’s populace rejected his tumultuous regime.

‘India is the second largest market for Claude, developers here doing the most intense work’: As India hosts AI Impact Summit, global giant Anthropic opens office

As India hosts the AI Impact Summit 2026 in Delhi, US-based AI company Anthropic has officially opened its new office in Bengaluru, marking a major step in its India AI expansion. Along with the office launch, the company has announced a wide range of partnerships across enterprise, startups, education, agriculture and the public sector.

The Bengaluru office is Anthropic’s second base in Asia after Tokyo and will be led by Irina Ghose, Managing Director of Anthropic India. The company plans to hire local talent across multiple roles as it deepens its engagement in the country.

India has quickly become one of the most important markets for Claude.ai, Anthropic’s popular AI assistant. The company says India is now its second-largest market globally.

Nearly half of Claude’s usage in India comes from technical work such as coding, mathematical tasks, building applications, upgrading legacy systems and shipping production software, Anthropic says. This shows how Indian developers are using AI tools not just for content or chat, but for serious engineering work.

Speaking about the expansion, Irina Ghose said India offers a strong foundation for responsible AI. She pointed to the country’s technical talent, large-scale digital infrastructure and its track record of using technology to improve everyday life. According to her, this combination makes India one of the most promising places in the world to expand the benefits of AI to more people and businesses.

“Impossible things are possible in India”: Rahul Patil

At the developer summit marking the office launch, Anthropic’s Chief Technology Officer, Rahul Patil, shared a personal message that resonated with many in the audience. He said, “Impossible things are possible in India,” as he spoke about growing up in Bengaluru.

Patil said his mother was a computer science teacher and that he studied at Baldwin institutions, St. Joseph’s and later at PES University, which he described as “very, very strict.” He also shared that he met his wife during his first year of engineering. His speech highlighted how India has not only become a key market for AI but also a place that has shaped global tech leaders.

Strengthening AI in Indian Languages

One of Anthropic’s key focus areas in India is language. Although more than a billion people in the country speak one of over a dozen officially recognised languages, AI systems often perform better in English, Anthropic stated.

To address this, Anthropic started a company-wide effort six months ago to improve performance in ten widely spoken Indian languages: Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, Telugu, Tamil, Punjabi, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam and Urdu. The company says it curated better and more representative training data, leading to noticeable improvements in fluency. Work is still ongoing to make the models even stronger in Indic languages.

Anthropic is also working with Karya and Collective Intelligence Project to design evaluation systems that test AI on tasks relevant to India, especially in agriculture and law. Domain experts from nonprofits such as Digital Green and Adalat AI are part of this effort. The goal is to make these evaluation tools publicly available so others can also build better AI systems for Indian users.

Enterprises and startups adopt Claude at scale

Anthropic says its revenue run rate in India has doubled since it announced expansion plans in October 2025. The growth is coming from large enterprises, digital-first companies and early-stage startups.

Air India is using Claude Code to help its developers ship custom software faster and at lower cost as part of a broader effort to use agent-based AI across operations. Fintech platform CRED has reported 2x faster feature delivery and 10% improvement in test coverage with Claude Code. Meanwhile, global IT services firm Cognizant is deploying Claude to 350,000 employees worldwide to modernise systems and speed up AI adoption for enterprise clients, as per reports.

Among startups, Razorpay has integrated AI into its risk systems, operations and internal decision-making. Enterpret uses Claude to power its AI assistant and has built an MCP integration that connects customer insights directly into Claude.

Another startup, Emergent, which allows users to create software by describing what they want in simple language, reached $25 million in annual recurring revenue and two million users in less than five months, built entirely with Claude.

To support this growing ecosystem, Anthropic’s India team will provide applied AI expertise to enterprises and startups, helping them design and scale Claude-based solutions suited to their business needs.

AI for education and underserved communities

Education-related tasks account for about 12% of Claude’s usage in India. Anthropic has partnered with Pratham, one of the country’s largest education nonprofits. Pratham selected Anthropic as its first strategic AI lab partner, focusing on safety and educational quality.

Their “Anytime Testing Machine,” powered by Claude, is currently being tested with 1,500 students across 20 schools and is expected to expand to 100 schools by the end of 2026. The tool has also been adapted for more than 5,000 learners in Pratham’s Second Chance program, which supports women who dropped out of formal schooling. The idea is to provide flexible exam preparation and credible certification pathways.

Anthropic is also working with Central Square Foundation to support AI-enabled tools such as personalised tutors, teacher coaching platforms and assessment-based instruction systems. The company will offer technical support, mentorship and API credits to help these tools reach more primary school students in underserved communities.

AI in agriculture, health and the legal system

India’s digital public infrastructure has often been seen as a model for large-scale, interoperable systems. Anthropic is partnering with EkStep Foundation to explore how AI can build on this foundation.

Agriculture, which contributes nearly one-sixth of India’s economy and employs almost half of its workforce, is one focus area. Through the OpenAgriNet effort, Anthropic is working towards deploying Claude to expand access to expert knowledge for farmers and agriculture workers.

In healthcare, nonprofits like Noora Health and Intelehealth are exploring how Claude Code and Cowork can improve internal systems and connect patients in remote areas to better care.

India’s legal system, with around 50 million pending court cases, is another area where AI can make a difference. Anthropic is supporting Adalat AI in launching a national WhatsApp helpline that provides instant case updates, document summaries, translations and interactive legal queries in Indian languages.

The company has also promoted open standards through its Model Context Protocol, which it donated to the Linux Foundation. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, supported by Bharat Digital, has launched the first Indian government MCP server to allow AI systems to access national statistics in an open way. In the private sector, Swiggy is using MCP to enable grocery ordering and dining reservations directly through Claude.

Why global AI giants are choosing India

Anthropic’s expansion is part of a larger trend. Over the past two years, global AI companies have increasingly invested in India for research, partnerships and market expansion.

Companies like OpenAI and Microsoft have deepened their India presence through research collaborations, cloud partnerships and developer initiatives. Google has also expanded its AI research and product rollouts tailored for Indian users.

India offers three major advantages. First, it has one of the world’s largest developer bases. Second, its digital public infrastructure, including large-scale identity and payments systems, allows AI tools to scale quickly. Third, the country’s diversity of languages and real-world use cases provides a strong testing ground for AI models.

India’s AI market is expected to grow rapidly and contribute significantly to the country’s digital economy over the coming years.

As Anthropic opens its Bengaluru office, it is clear that India is no longer just a consumer of global AI technology. It is becoming a core partner in building and shaping the next wave of AI innovation.

Delhi HC calls out anti-India activist Amrit Wilson over cancellation of her OCI card, cites IB report of her activities, says ‘we can’t allow the country to be maligned’

On 16th February, the Delhi High Court made strong oral observations while hearing a petition filed by pro Islamist UK based academic, writer and journalist Amrit Wilson. In her petition, 82 year old Wilson has challenged the cancellation of her Overseas Citizen of India, OCI, card. Justice Purushaindra Kumar Kaurav remarked that India cannot be “such a tolerant State that we allow our own country to be criticised or maligned at international platforms”. His remarks showcased the seriousness with which the Court viewed the allegations placed before it against Wilson.

The remarks by Justice Kaurav came after the Bench reviewed the confidential material submitted by the Central Government in a sealed cover. The Court noted that there were Intelligence Bureau reports concerning Wilson and that the allegations against her went beyond isolated social media posts. In open court, the judge observed that there were not merely “two tweets” involved but allegations of participation in activities considered adverse to India’s interests. The Court made it clear that issues touching upon sovereignty and integrity cannot be treated lightly.

In March 2023, the High Commission of India in London revoked her OCI status. The show cause notice issued to her in November 2022 pointed towards her engagement in several anti India activities. The notice stated that she participated in “detrimental propaganda” against the Government of India, posing a threat to the sovereignty and integrity of the country and the interests of the general public.

Senior Advocate Trideep Pais appeared for Wilson. He claimed before the Court that the show cause notice lacked details to effectively respond to the allegations. He also objected to the reliance on sealed cover submissions. He contended that such a practice has been deprecated in certain Supreme Court decisions. On the other hand, the Central Government submitted that while publicly available material had been shared, certain intelligence inputs were confidential in nature and directly related to matters affecting national security.

After examining the sealed material, the Court observed that the allegations reflected therein were serious. It directed both parties to file written submissions and listed the matter for further hearing in August. The Bench’s observations indicate that the issue is not merely procedural but concerns the broader question of whether activities undertaken abroad, if found detrimental to India’s sovereignty, can justify withdrawal of OCI privileges.

OCI is a statutory privilege, not citizenship or a right

There have been several cases where the Government of India has revoked OCI status. Such cases include that of controversial academic Nitasha Kaul, author Aatish Taseer, Ashok Swain and several others. One thing that needs to be pointed out is that an OCI card is just a privilege and not a right.

It does not grant political rights, voting rights, or constitutional status equivalent to that of an Indian citizen. It is a long term visa facility extended to certain categories of foreign nationals of Indian origin under Section 7B of the Citizenship Act, 1955.

In 2020, the Central Government clarified before courts that OCI status is a statutory right created by legislation and policy. It is not a fundamental or constitutional right. In an affidavit filed in the Delhi High Court, the Ministry of External Affairs explicitly stated that fundamental rights guaranteed under the Constitution are only for Indian citizens and cannot be claimed as a matter of entitlement by OCI cardholders.

The affidavit emphasised that the grant of OCI privileges depends entirely upon the policy of the Central Government. Since the facility is conferred by notification under statutory provisions, the scope of rights and the conditions attached to them are determined by the executive within the framework of law. This means that the continuation of OCI benefits is conditional upon compliance with Indian law and conduct consistent with the sovereignty and integrity of the nation.

Under the Citizenship Act and the relevant rules, the government is empowered to revoke OCI registration if it is satisfied that the registration was obtained by fraud, concealment of material facts, or if the cardholder has shown disaffection towards the Constitution of India, engaged in unlawful trade or communication with an enemy state, or acted in a manner prejudicial to the sovereignty and integrity of India.

Therefore, legally speaking, OCI status is not an immutable entitlement. It is a facility that can be withdrawn if statutory conditions are triggered. In the simplest possible terms, it is just a glorified visa with some additional features, nothing more.

Revocation does not amount to permanent exclusion

An important aspect often overlooked in public discourse is that cancellation of an OCI card does not amount to a blanket ban on entering India. A person whose OCI status has been revoked can still apply for a regular tourist, research, employment or business visa like any other foreign national.

Such visa applications are processed in accordance with prevailing immigration rules and security clearances. The government retains discretion, as it does with all foreign nationals, to grant or refuse entry based on policy considerations and security assessments. However, revocation of OCI does not, in itself, permanently sever the possibility of visiting India.

This distinction is crucial. OCI is frequently described as a form of “quasi citizenship,” but in reality, it is closer to a long duration visa with additional conveniences such as exemption from registration with the Foreigners Regional Registration Office and parity with non resident Indians in certain economic and educational matters. It does not create a constitutional bond equivalent to citizenship.

Those whose OCI status gets revoked often behave as if India has stripped them of their citizenship. In reality, it is just cancellation of a long duration visa.

Background of public positions and controversies

Wilson has publicly criticised various policies of the Government of India. She has opposed the Citizenship Amendment Act, CAA, the proposed National Register of Citizens, NRC, and the National Population Register, NPR. She has described Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his government in strong terms in public forums, often calling them fascist.

It is important to note that while protests against NRC and NPR were widespread, no operational rules were ever notified for implementation of NRC or NPR at a nationwide level.

Source: X

In addition to criticism of domestic politics, Wilson has participated in international events where India’s legislative measures were described as Islamophobic and as steps towards “ethnic cleansing”. She has also made statements regarding the unrest in Leicester. She claimed that RSS supporters were transported to provoke conflict and to strengthen a narrative of Hindus as victims. Such claims were strongly contested by several community organisations and commentators who cited evidence of Islamist mobs attacking Hindu homes and temples.

Wilson has been associated with the South Asia Solidarity Group based in Britain, which has organised protests outside the Indian High Commission and has frequently posted material critical of the BJP and RSS on social media. The group has portrayed developments in Kashmir through a lens that aligns with separatist narratives and has participated in campaigns framing India as an aggressor in the region.

Her social media activity has included use of symbolic imagery associated with separatist campaigns after the abrogation of Article 370, further placing her in alignment with narratives viewed by the Indian government as hostile to its territorial integrity.

The likes of Wilson, Nitasha Kaul, Aatish Taseer and Ashok Swain have lost their OCI privilege not because of any vendetta of the government against them. They lost the privilege because of their anti India actions that were a threat to the sovereignty and national security of the country.

Economic Times targets Suryakumar Yadav over handshake, forgets Pakistan’s terror record and its own Aman ki Asha nostalgia

On 17th February, Economic Times chose to lecture Indian cricketers on “respect” because Suryakumar Yadav did not indulge in a choreographed handshake with his Pakistani counterpart after winning T20 World Cup match on Sunday. One would imagine that, in 2026, Indian media would have moved beyond the lazy trope that sporting courtesy must exist in a vacuum, untouched by geopolitics, terrorism and state complicity. Apparently, that is not the case.

The suggestion that “history may judge India harshly” over a handshake is not just melodramatic. It is divorced from the realities of the relationship between India and Pakistan. History, if it judges anyone harshly, will do so on far weightier matters than whether two captains shook hands for the cameras.

Cricket does not exist in a vacuum

One thing that everyone needs to be clear on is that nothing exists in a vacuum. The very notion of a vacuum is nothingness. India’s reluctance to normalise gestures with Pakistan is not petulance. It is policy rooted in decades of cross-border terrorism and Pakistan’s continued patronage of anti-India terror networks.

The demand that Indian players must behave as if nothing is amiss is to demand selective amnesia. It is to insist that the burden of “maturity” lies solely with the victim, never the aggressor.

It is a fact that sporting rivalry is built on respect. However, respect is not a one-way street. It cannot be ritualistic theatre while the underlying reality remains hostile. If the Board has decided that bilateral warmth is inappropriate in the current context, that is a sovereign choice. The players are representatives of a nation, not freelance diplomats freelancing niceties.

The ‘Aman ki Asha’ amnesia

It is particularly ironic that this sermon emerged from a publication within the Times Group ecosystem. The same group that once championed the “Aman ki Asha” campaign with great fanfare, projecting cultural bonhomie as a bridge over very real fault lines. What did that optimism lead to? Did terror infrastructure disappear? Did masterminds of terrorist attacks against India face credible justice? Did cross-border infiltration cease?

The problem with performative peace initiatives is that they are heavy on optics and light on accountability. Handshakes make for good photographs. They do not dismantle terror networks. If “Aman ki Asha” could not alter ground realities, perhaps it is time to stop pretending that a televised handshake will.

In fact, when India, during Operation Sindoor, destroyed terror infrastructure within Pakistan and Pakistan Occupied Jammu and Kashmir, the hostile neighbour reacted and tried to attack India. It is now actively funding terror outfits to help rebuild the infrastructure where terrorists train for attacks against India.

The rivalry that is not a rivalry

There is another curious contradiction in the criticism. Suryakumar Yadav himself downplayed the so-called “India Pakistan rivalry” back in September 2025 as Pakistan’s SKY Network trolled its own team during a press conference. He insisted that it is just another cricket match. He has categorically said that “it is not a rivalry anymore”, citing the fact that the majority of matches between India and Pakistan, especially during international tournaments like the World Cup, have been won by India. Now, when the same team refuses to indulge in overt warmth, it is accused of politicising sport.

Which is it? If it is “just another match”, then the absence of a handshake should not carry civilisational weight. If it is a high voltage political spectacle, then perhaps it is naive to pretend that gestures are devoid of meaning.

The truth is simpler. India is the dominant cricketing and financial power. Pakistan’s cricket board needs these fixtures far more desperately. The asymmetry is real. India does not need to perform symbolic reconciliation to validate its sporting stature.

Respect is not submission

The op-ed written by Anand Vasu for ET framed the handshake as a litmus test of maturity. That is a dangerously simplistic metric. Respect in sport is demonstrated through adherence to rules, the absence of sledging that crosses lines, and fairness in play. By all accounts, the match in Colombo proceeded without incident. No on-field ugliness. No acrimony. Just cricket.

What was missing was a carefully staged gesture. To equate that absence with moral diminishment is to trivialise far more substantive issues. Indian players are not obliged to project warmth towards representatives of a state that continues to be hostile to their own country.

Financial morality lectures ring hollow

Interestingly, the op-ed acknowledged that India versus Pakistan is the financial heart of global cricket. Broadcasters, sponsors and boards depend on it. Yet it chastised India for not performing sportsmanship to enhance the spectacle. If commerce is comfortable monetising the rivalry, it should also be comfortable accepting the political realities that underpin it. One cannot harvest the drama and then recoil at its consequences.

To suggest that Indian cricket’s “legacy” will be defined by a handshake rather than by performance, professionalism and results shows how “hurt” the author was by the defeat Pakistan faced.

The thing is, India did not refuse to play. It did not boycott the match. It did not engage in theatrics. It competed, won, and moved on. It is those who are suffering from “Aman Ki Asha” amnesia who are hurt by the lack of a simple handshake.